Tension-stress

Collapse Pressure under Axial Tension Stress. The reduced minimum collapse pressure caused by the action of axial tension stress is calculated by... 

Oxide movements on plane surfaces, such as those just described, do not create stress stress will arise however, when the oxide movement is constrained by the presence of a corner, or when the metal is curved, so that there is a progressive strain on the lateral dimensions of the oxide. Since oxides are brittle the appearance of tensional stress can be expected to lead to brittle failure examples are given in Figs. 1.82 and 1.83. 

Recommended practice for examination and evaluation of pitting corrosion Test method for determining susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking of high-strength aluminium alloy products Test method for pitting and crevice corrosion resistance of stainless steels and related alloys by the use of ferric chloride solution Recommended practice for preparation and use of direct tension stress corrosion test specimens... 

Fig. 5. The piezospectroscopic behavior of the two ls-like levels of differently oriented, trigonal shallow acceptor complexes, based on the equivalent stress model, (a) Trigonal distortion equivalent to a stress of + 0.205 kbar (tensional). (b) Trigonal distortion equivalent to a stress of —0.810 kbar (compressional). Roman numerals denote the four possible orientations of the complexes. A4 and A5 6 denote the representations of C3v according to which the states transform in the absence of externally applied stress. The energy shifts are shown for externally applied compressional stress under applied tensional stress, the behavior of (a) and (b) is reversed, as explained in the text.

Typical tension stress-strain curves of baseline and irradiated unidirectional T300/934 composites tested in [0] and [90] orientations at three different temperatures (121 are shown in Figures 11 and 12. Irradiation had essentially no effect on the fiber-dominated tensile modulus of the [0] specimen and caused only a small (10-15%) reduction in strength at the low and elevated temperatures. For the matrix-dominated [90] laminates, irradiation caused a very substantial decrease in strength at three test temperatures (-38% at -157°C, -26% R.T., -13% 121°C). Irradiation increased the modulus at -157°C and R.T. (10 - 15%), but lowered it at 121°C (-15%). These results are consistent with results obtained on the neat resin specimens discussed above. 

Liquid density Surface tension Stress Helix angle... 

If precipitating factors can be identified these should obviously be eliminated as far as possible before drug treatment is used. Examples are tension, stress, lack of sleep, alcohol, smoking, large intake of coffee and tea, irregular meals, bad work posture and problems with eyesight. Hormonal ilucmations and common colds also often cause headache. 

This relationship holds for any chemical system which is subject to variations in temperature, pressure, and proportions of its basic components and describes the number of phases P present in terms of the system s degrees of freedom F and the number of component species C. Even though the phase rule is simple in form, it is not limited in its ability to describe very complex systems. Equilibrium effects arising from the presence of surface tension, stress, magnetic fields, etc. can be accounted for by the incorporation of additional degrees of freedom into the phase rule. Such effects, however, will not be considered in this discussion. 

The temperature, fiber tension, stresses, and strains vary only in the radial directions. An elasticity solution is employed to calculate the six components of the stresses and strains. The solution procedure follows the established techniques of elasticity solutions. A displacement field is assumed that satisfies the equilibrium equations and the compatibility conditions. The latter requires that at each interface the displacements and the normal stresses in adjacent... 

Furthermore, it is worth remarking that Kulicke, Haas (1984) have found that the critical Reynolds number, which defines the onset of tensional stress, is strongly shifted in the case of PAAm if the measurement is repeated (2nd run), i.e., the molecule is degraded, whereas in the case of partially saponified PAAm/AAcNa, no pronounced change of Re0 is to be found, as shown in Fig. 38. This phenomenon has been attributed to the relatively high rigidity of the partially hydrolized polyacrylamide. 

Data can be obtained from tests in uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, equibiaxial tension, pure shear and simple shear. Relevant test methods are described in subsequent sections. In principle, the coefficients for a model can be obtained from a single test, for example uniaxial tension. However, the coefficients are not fully independent and more than one set of values can be found to describe the tension stress strain curve. A difficulty will arise if these coefficients are applied to another mode of deformation, for example shear or compression, because the different sets of values may not be equivalent in these cases. To obtain more robust coefficients it is necessary to carry out tests using more than one geometry and to combine the data to optimize the coefficients. 

If the particle is bonded firmly to the matrix (we will discuss this point later), the initial uniaxial tension stress is changed into a triaxial tension stress field, due to the low rubber incompressibility. The stress field around rubbery particles is not the same as that around a void. 

The obtained results indicate that the enhanced emission of AE occurrences takes place at the moments when the drying induced tensional stresses reach their maximum. One can state that the plot of total energy released during drying may serve for assessment of the destruction of the material during drying because discontinuities in this plot correspond to cracks occurring in the material. 

The following conclusions can be drawn a) the AE occurrence rate descriptor is useful for determination of the periods at which the state of stress becomes destructive for the material b) three possible groups of AE occurrence rates may arise during drying first, during the heating of the material second, when the tensional stresses at the surface reach their maximum third, when the tensional stresses in the core reach their maximum after the stress reverse c) the descriptor of total energy reflects accurately the stress state in the material and indicates whether the material suffers the destruction or not. 

G49, Standard Practice for Preparation and Use of Direct Tension Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens, ASTM, West Conshohoken, PA, 1995. 

When a fibre is bent, stresses develop in the fibre. When the tension stresses on the outside of the bend exceed the yield stress in tension, the fibre will break. This happens when the bending radius becomes smaller than a critical value ... 

The stress-strain curve for a material can be represented by means of the function cr, = 12 where represents the true tension stress in MPa and 8 is strain. Calculate the value of the strain at the necking point and the value of the yield stress, [Pg.642]

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