Teflon injection

Teflon injected in a young woman for urinary incontinence migrated to the pulmonary vascular system (5). 

Refluxing ureters can be treated endoscopically with sub-ureteric injection of polytetrafluoroethylene paste (Polytef), the STING procedure. However, ureteric obstruction has been described as a complication (8). Urinary incontinence has also been treated by periurethral or submucosal injections of Polytef, but reports of urinary obstruction (9,10) and poor long-term success (11,12) have limited the range of indications for this treatment. Other reported complications of Teflon injection for stress urinary incontinence include periurethral abscess, urethral diverticulum. Teflon granuloma with urethral wall prolapse (13), and microembolization (14). 

Kihholma P, Makinen J. Disappointing effect of endoscopic Teflon injection for female stress incontinence. Eur Urol 1991 20(3) 197-9. 

Beckingham U, Wemyss-Holden G, Lawrence WT. Longterm follow-up of women treated with perurethral Teflon injections for stress incontinence. Br J Urol 1992 69(6) 580-3. 

Kiilholma PJ, Chancellor MB, Makinen J, Hirsch IH, Klemi PJ. Complications of Teflon injection for stress urinary incontinence. Nenronrol Urodyn 1993 12(2) 131-7. 

Automation Procedure. Automatic sample injection is carried out by use of a timing control pneumatic actuator connected with a 4-way teflon injection valve (both Rheodyne, Cotati, U.S. A.). The actuator permits automatic operation of the valve. 

The Teflon injected under the ureteral orifice is well demonstrated on US studies (Fig. 11.30). US studies are also helpful in order to demonstrate the rare cases of complications (persisting obstruction). In long-term studies, granuloma-like masses can be found on US studies they appear as highly dense... 

Fig. 11.30. Teflon injection (between crosses). Typical sonographic appearance with acoustic shadowing behind the injection...

Fig. 18.17. Echogenic area with acoustic shadowing at Teflon injection site (arrow)...

At the start of each run, a 6-port Teflon injection valve (Rheod5rne, model 5020) was used to introduce 0.063 ml of solution into the laminar carrier stream of slightly different composition. A flow rate of 0.17 ml min was maintained by a metering pump (Gilson model Minipuls 3) to give retention times of about 1.1 x lO" s. The dispersion tube and the injection valve were kept at 298.15 K and 303.15 K ( 0.01 K) in an air thermostat. 

Teflon-FTP Fluorocarbon Resin, Techniquesfor Injection Molding, information bulletin 95d, E. I. du Pont de Nemours Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del., 1969. 

Teflon AF can be extruded and injection or compression molded It can be formed by spm casting or applied from solution by spray coatmg or direct apphea-tion [5] Its extremely low refractive index and its solubihty make it highly useful as a coating for the core of optical fibers... 

Figure 9.7 Schematic illustration of the flow-gating interface. A channeled Teflon gasket was sandwiched between two stainless steel plates to allow for flow into the electrophoresis capillary, either from the flush buffer reservoir or from the LC microcolumn during an electiokinetic injection.

The use of SPME for CE has not (yet) been studied widely. Li and Weber (170) reported an off-line SPME-CE approach for the determination of barbiturates in urine and serum, utilizing a sorbent of plasticized PVC coated around a stainless steel rod. Eor extraction, the coated rod was inserted for 4 min in a Teflon tube containing 50 p.1 of sample, and next the rod was repeatedly desorbed in another Teflon tube which each time contained 5 p.1 of desorption solution. This solution was transferred to an injection vial and an aliquot was injected into the CE system (Eigure 11.19). The extraction procedure appeared to be selective and effectively allowed the handling of very small samples. 

The reactor, a commercially supplied quartz photochemical reaction vessel, was fitted to meet the needs of this research (Figure 1). This included use of a Teflon-coated magnetic stirring bar in the reactor, a fiitted glass sparger, a nitrogen line used to cool the UV lany, and an injection port. Deionized water was distilled prior to use. 

The presence of particles in the brains of experimental rats and humans exposed to asbestos has been reported (Pontefiart and Cunningham, 1973 Auerbach et al., 1980). In experimental studies, particles of Teflon, a reflux paste, enter the brain via intravascular transport when injected into the bladder (Aaronson et al., 1993). Encephalitic reactions to accumulated calcium oxalate crystals in the brain as a result of infusions of glucose surrogate polyol solutions have been described (PciflPcr etal., 1984). Such studies indicate the capacity of particulates to enter the brain and thus pose a potential pathological threat to the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). 

Injection vial crimps, 11-nrni, Teflon/silicone/Teflon, Sun Brokers Microsyringes, (25-, 50-, 100-, 250-, 500-pL), Hamilton Mill, Hobart... 

The sample loop, Vg, has a volume of 0.25 cc. To initiate injection at time zero of the experiment, the valve handle is rotated 60°, and the flows within the valve are redirected along the dashed lines as shown in the figure. The sample solution in the loop is then displaced through port F by the 1% acidified brine from the pump. The sample loop therefore must be long enough to contain a sufficient "slug" of sample solution. Here, the phrase "sample solution" refers to the surfactant solution prepared in 1% acidified brine solution. Teflon tubing and connections are used to minimize the uptake of any corrosion products into the 1% acidified brine solution. 

FIGURE 16.6 Schematic of the clear flow gating interface. The interface was constructed in-house from a 1 in. diameter, 0.5 in. thick Lexan disk. The disk is clear, which allows direct observation of the capillaries in the stream of flush buffer. The capillaries are sleeved in 0.0625 in. o.d. Teflon tubing and this tubing is held in place by Lite Touch fittings (not shown). The cross-flow of buffer prevents LC effluent from electromigrating onto the CZE capillary until an injection is desired (reprinted with permission from Analytical Chemistry). 

The electrochemical cell for the EXAFS experiments (Figure 1) was machined from a teflon cylinder (6 cm diameter x 6 cm high) and was provided with contacts for all electrodes as well as teflon fittings for the injection of electrolyte. The electrode was placed flat on the top of the cell and covered with a thin Tefzel (E. 

The first ever injectable crude biomaterial, that is a dental implant, appeared early in ad 6oo (Fig. 12.1). During those times, Mayan people trimmed seashells into artificial teeth to replace missing teeth (Michael, 2006 Ratner et al., 2004). Early biomaterials also led to problems, including sterilization, toxicity, inflammation, and immunological issues. Since the Mayan s initial use of artificial teeth, biomaterials have evolved to be used in modem artificial hearts, hip and knee pros-theses, artificial kidneys, and breast implants. Materials used in these applications include titanium, silicons, polyurethanes, teflon, polybiodegradable polymers, and most recently bio-nanomaterials (Pearce et al., 2007)... 

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