Tannery wastewater

A derived combined approach uses an amperometric biosensor [57] with a whole-cell (E. coli) sensing part, for industrial application (textile and tannery wastewaters) and detection of phenolic compounds, non-ionic surfactants and benzenesulphonate compounds. As in the previous studies, chemical analysis (SSPE followed by LC-MS) revealed the pollutants responsible for the observed toxicity. 

Tannery wastewater samples crude materials from the pretreatment of hides n.i. 20-55 ... 

Jochimsen J C, Jekel M (1996) Partial oxidation effects during the combined oxidative and biological treatment of separated streams of tannery wastewater, in Clausthaler Umwelt-Akademie Oxidation of Water and Wastewater, A Vogelpohl (Hrsg.), Goslar 20.-22. Mai 1996. 

Cooman, K., Gajardo, M., Nieto, J., Bomhardt, C. and Vidal, G. (2003) Tannery wastewater characterization and toxicity effects on Daphnia spp., Environmental Toxicology 18 (1), 45-51. 

Fiehn, O., L. Vigelahn, G. Kalnowski, T. Reemtsma, and M. Jekel. 1997. Toxicity-directed fractionation of tannery wastewater using solid-phase extraction and luminescence inhibition in Microtiter plates. Acta Hydrochim. Hydrobiol. 25 11-16. 

Fiehn, O., G. Wegener, J. Jochimsen, and M. Jekel. 1998. Analysis of the ozonation of 2-mercaptobenzo-thiazole in water and tannery wastewater using sum parameters, liquid- and gas chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Water Res. 32 1075-1084. 

Chlorine-mediated electrolysis has also been used efficiently for the treatment of real wastewater such as landfill leachate (Chiang et al. 1995 Vlyssides et al. 2003), textile effluents (Lin and Chen 1997 Vlyssides et al. 2000 Yang et al. 2000 Iniesta et al. 2002), olive oil wastewater (Israilides et al. 1997 Panizza and Cerisola 2006c), industrial effluent containing aromatic sulfonated acids (Panizza et al. 2000), and tannery wastewaters (Vlyssides and Israilides 1997 Szpyrkowicz et al. 2001 Panizza and Cerisola 2004a). 

Panizza, M. and Cerisola, G. (2004a) Electrochemical oxidation as final treatment of synthetic tannery wastewater. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38, 5470-5475. 

Szpyrkowicz, L., Naumczyk, J. and Ziho-Grandi, F. (1995) Electrochemical treatment of tannery wastewater using Ti/Pt and Ti/Pt/Ir electrodes. Water Res. 29, 517-524. 

Naumczyk, J., Szpyrkowicz, L., De Faveri, M.D. and Zilio-Grandi F. (1996) Electrochemical treatment of tannery wastewater containing high strength pollutants. Process Saf. Environ. Protect. 74, 59-68. 

Aravindhan, R., Madhan, B., Rao, J.R., and Nair, B.U. 2004. Recovery and reuse of chromium from tannery wastewaters using Turbinaria omata seaweed. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 79 125-58. 

Reemtsma, T. and M. Jekel (1997). Dissolved organics in tannery wastewaters and their alteration by a combined anaerobic and aerobic treatment. Water Res. 31, 5, 1035-1046. 

Example 1 Chromium(III) may be precipitated from tannery wastewater with sodium hydroxide, forming Cr(OH)3, whose solubility product is 6.3x10 Tannery wastewater, initially at pH 3.5, has the following average composition ... 

A. Esmaeili, A. Mesdaghinia, and R. Vazirinejad, Chromium(III) Removal and Recovery from Tannery Wastewater by Precipitation Process, American Journal of Applied Science, 2(10), 1471-1473 (2005). 

Ros M, Gantar A. 1998. Possibilities of reduction of recipient loading of tannery wastewater in Slovenia. Water Sci Technol 37(8) 145-152. 

Santosa, S.J., Siswanta, D., Sudiono, S., Utarianingrum, R. Chitin-humic acid hybrid as adsorbent for Cr(III) in effiuent of tannery wastewater treatment. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. App. Surf. Sci. 254, 7846-7850 (2008)... 

In particular, techniqnes based on conpUng membrane processes and appropriate complexing agents, snpported Uqnid membranes (SLMs), pervaporation (PV) and membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are reviewed and discussed for their capacity to remove undesired componnds. Case studies referring to the treatment of ammoniacal etching solntion by SLM, complexation-nltrafiltration conpled with soil washing for soil remediation, volatile organic componnds removal by PV and treatment of tannery wastewaters by MBRs are also presented and discnssed. 

Data reported in the scientific literature indicate that the COD removal in tannery wastewaters by using MBR technology is between 86% and 95% (Artiga et ai, 2005 Scholz et al., 2005). 

Genschow E, Hegemann W and Maschke C (1996) Biological sulphate removal from tannery wastewater in a two-stage anaerobic treatment . Water Res, 30, 2072-2078. 

Jochimsen J C, Schenk H, Jeckel M R and Hemann W (1997), Combined oxidative and biological treatment for separated streams of tannery wastewater . Water Sci Technol, 36,209-216. 

Munz G, De AngeUs D, Gori R, Mori G, Casarci M and Lubello C (2009), The role of tannins in conventional and membrane treatment of tannery wastewater ,/ Hazard Mater, 164,733-739. 

Orhon D, Genceli A E and Sozen S (2000), Experimental evaluation of the nitrification kinetics for tannery wastewaters . Water SA, 26,43-50. 

Szpyrkowicz L and Kaul S N (2004), Biochemical removal of nitrogen from tannery wastewater a full scale plant performance and stability , / Chem Technol Biotechnol, 79,879-888. 

Bajza, Z. et al. (2004) Influence of different concentrations of 2(804)3 and anionic polyelectrolytes on tannery wastewater flocculation. Desalination, 171(1), 13-20. SBN 0011-9164. Cooper, D.R. et al. (1984) The treatment of waste water from the leather industry. Water Pollution Control, Southern African Branch, Biennial Conference, pp. 450-454. 

Banu, J.R., Kaliappan, S., 2008. Treatment of tannery wastewater using hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 6 (4), 415—421. 

The effect of nonionic surfactants in textile and tannery wastewater on the bacterium Escherichia coli, immobilized in an Anopore membrane on the surface of a screen printed carbon electrode, was smdied. The amperometric response of the sensor was monitored at +550 mV versus a chloridized silver wire electrode in a vial with the neutralized sample and ferricyanide as a redox mediator. Toxicity was measured by determining the degree of inhibition of the biosensor signal after an exposure of 35 min. The observed toxicity of wastewater samples was attributed to nonionic surfactants. 

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