Tanks, cost

Prestressed (posttensioned) concrete tanks cost about 20 percent more than steel tanks of the same capacity. Once installed, however, concrete tanks require veiy little maintenance. A true comparison with steel would, therefore, require evaluating the maintenance cost of both types. 

The first example was formulated by Stoecker to illustrate the steepest descent (gradient) direct search method. It is proposed to attach a vapor recondensation refrigeration system to lower the temperature, and consequently vapor pressure, of liquid ammonia stored in a steel pressure vessel, for this would permit thinner vessel walls. The tank cost saving must be traded off against the refrigeration and thermal insulation cost to find the temperature and insulation thickness minimizing the total annual cost. Stoecker showed the total cost to be the sum of insulation cost i = 400jc° 9 (x is the insulation thickness, in.), the vessel cost v = 1000 + 22(p — 14.7)1-2 (p is the absolute pressure, psia), and the recondensation cost r = 144(80 — t)/x (t is the temperature, °F). The pressure is related to the temperature by... 

Current tank costs are still in the range of 2500-3000/kg hydrogen ( 75-90/kWh). Costs of gasoline tanks are around... 

For another nearby site, an estimate was prepared to determine the cost of using PIMS technology in three 1000-gal holding tanks. Each unit would hold approximately 4000 of apatite. Other factors included in the estimate are 13,000 for effluent monitoring, 12,000 for tank costs, 14,000 for emplacement costs, for a total cost of 43,000 (D17996I, p. 8). 

Figure 8.16 displays spherical tank cost for liquid storage ranging from 300 to 20,000 bbl. This cost curve may be extrapolated to over 30,000 bbl. Fabrication economics show cost minimized by installing multiple spherical tanks rather than going over 35,000 bbl per tank. Figure 8.16 gives the curve based on the maximum liquid volume con-... 

Figure 8.16 is the complete modular LPG storage spherical tank cost, including piping, stairwells, platforms, instruments, controls, steel, foundation, and dike containment. Both material and labor are included in the Fig. 8.16 cost curve, installed and ready to commission. 

Clean up the area. Pour the developing solvents into the recycling containers (CAREFUL - those developing tanks cost nearly 100 each), but leave the wall sheets inside. 

Minimum practical total RP thickness is established as 4.8 mm ( A6 in.) for the combined spray-up liquid seal and filament wound structural layers and 6.4 mm (V4 in.) for an all-chopped fiber spray-up laminate with sand filler. The choice for any construction is made on the basis of comparative design thickness, weight, and fabrication costs. The all-chopped fiber reinforced construction using somewhat greater wall thickness than the composite filament wound-chopped fiber wall is determined to provide the lowest tank cost filament winding provides lower weight. 

Based on the demonstration, the cost to drill a well was assumed to be 5,000. To achieve the appropriate maximum groundwater extraction rate of 24 gpm, three recovery wells are required, resulting in a cost of approximately 15,(XX). A 5200 gallon, holding tank cost 5,000. Using the "six-tenths rule" to scale-up, the cost of a 10,0(X) gallon tank for a Ml-scale remediation was assumed to cost 7,400. Three tanks will be required, resulting in a cost of 22,200. A V2 horse-power pump cost 1,035 for the demonstration. A pump for each well would cost a total of 3,105. These additional costs amount to about 40,000. 

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