Tamarind gum

Tamarind Gum. Tamarind gum [39386-78-9] is another seed gum with potential industrial appHcation. It is obtained from the seed kernels of the tamarind tree, Tamarindus indica which is cultivated in India and Bangladesh. The seeds are a by-product from the production of tamarind pulp which is used as a food flavor. Seed production is 150,000 t/yr. 

Omya, T. and Tabuchi, K. (1 985) Tamarind gum carboxymethyl ether alkali metal salts. Japanese Patent 60, 166, 302. 

Nakamura et al. ° studied the adhesion of water-soluble and neutral polymers, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), xanthan gum (XG), tamarind gum (TG), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to nasal mucosa in vitro and in vivo. The polymers, mixed with a dye, were applied as powders to the nasal cavity of rabbits, and the remaining dye residue was determined at 2, 4, and 6 h after nasal instillation with a thin fiberscope. The polymer XG showed the longest residence time of the dye in the cavity, followed by TG, HPC, and PVA in decreasing order. For the mixture XG and XG-PVA (2 8), some residue of dye could still be observed 6h after administration. The order of adhesion of these polymers to agar plates in vitro agreed with that of their mucoadhesion in vivo. Ilium et al. introduced bioadhesive microspheres for nasal delivery of poorly absorbable drugs. Radiolabelled microspheres made from diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-dextran, starch microspheres, and albumin microspheres were administered to human volunteers and appeared to be cleared significantly slower than solutions or... 

BeMiller IN, Whistler RL, Barkalow DG, Chen CC (1993) Aloe, chia, flaxseed, okra, psyllium seed, quince seed, and tamarind gums. In Reference 13, p 227... 

Tamarind seed eonsists of the seed coat or testa (20-30%) and the kernel or endosperm (70-75%) (Coronel, 1991 and Shankarachaiya, 1998, both cited in (5)). Tamarind seed is a typical underatilized material (77). Commercially, tamarind seed is a by-product of the commercial utihzation of the fruit pulp and has been reported to have several uses (5, 17). Tamarind seeds can be used for extracting tamarind gum, whereas the seed coats, a by-product of manufacturing tamarind gum, were found as a source of natural antioxidants 18). The seeds are presently gaining importance as an alternative source of proteins (5). 

The antioxidative activity of tamarind seed was also investigated by Osawa et al. (1994), cited in (5). They found that ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts prepared from the seed coat exhibited antioxidative activity. This suggests that tamarind seed coats, a by-product of the tamarind gum industry, may have potential as a low cost source of antioxidants 18), but we note that so many plants and plant extracts show antioxidative activity (Ramos et al, 2003, cited in... 

Talloyl-1-(hydroxyethyl) imidazoline. See Tall oil hydroxyethyl imidazoline T.A.M.. See Thenoyl methionate Tamanoi 100S. See Novolac resin Tamanoi 135, Tamanoi 145, Tamanoi 510, Tamanoi 520S, Tamanoi 526, Tamanoi 577-, Tamanoi 581, Tamanoi 582 Tamanoi 722 Tamanoi 803L Tamanoi 101 OR Tamanoi AS Tamanoi PA. See Phenolic resin Tamarind. See Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Tamarind extract Tamarind gum. See Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) extract Tamarind (Tamarindus indica)... 

Regulatory FDA 21CFR 182.20, GRAS Japan approved, restricted as color Manuf./Distrib. Chart http //www.chartcorp.com, Frutarom http //www.frutarom.com Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) extract CAS 84961-62-6 EINECS/ELINCS 284-651-8 Synonyms Tamarind extract Tamarind gum Tamarindus indica Tamarindus indica extract Definition Extract of the pulp of the tamarind, Tamarindus indica... 

Tamarind gum disperses instantly, regardless of water temperature. However, the gum will only go into solution upon heating, usually upon boiling for 20 to 30 minutes (67). At room temperature, the solutions achieve the highest stable viscosity at pH 7.0 to 7.5. Variations outside this pH range will cause long term... 

Tamarind gum greatly increases a solution s viscosity. List two ways the polymer can be changed to decrease its effect on solution viscosity. 

Seed gums are obtained from certain types of seed endosperms. They are common in the legume (Fabaceae) family, for example locust bean gum and tamarind gum. 

Nonionic gums Guar gum. Tamarind gum, Xanthan gum, Loust bean gum, Ipomoea... 

The viscosity of dispersions is increased by heating. Under acidic conditions, however, the tamarind gum polysaccharides imdergo rapid hydrolysis. In the presence of high concentrations of saccharose (>65%) and over a wide range of pH values, tamarind gum forms gels that are stronger than pectin gels. Tamarind gum is only rarely used in food production, except in some special apphcations (as a thickener and foam stabiliser). The main use of tamarind gum is in the textile industry. 

Tamarind gum is a xyloglucan (4-145) located in the endosperm of the seeds of the tamarind tree Tamarindus Mica, Fabaceae),... 

Malviya R, Srivastava P, Bansal M, Sharma PK Formulation, evaluation and comparison of sustained release matrix tablets of diclofenac sodium using tamarind gum as release modifier. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 3 (3) 238-241,2010. 

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