Tallow esters properties

Because of the excellent hard water stability a-sulfonated fatty acid esters are suitable for the development of a phosphate-free detergent. The low sensitivity to water hardness is also the reason that the ester sulfonates, especially a-sulfomethyl tallow ester, have good washing properties in... 

A phosphate-free detergent with excellent detergency and improved foaming and rinsing properties consists of 10% sodium a-sulfo hardened beef tallow fatty acid methyl ester, 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5% a-sulfomyristic acid disodium salt, 10% zeolite, 10% sodium silicate, 10% sodium carbonate, 10% cellulose, 40% Flauber s salt, and 4% water [80]. 

Synonyms Diethylene glycol monotallowate PEG-2 tallow acid ester POE (2) tallowate Definition PEG ester of tallow acid Formuia RCO-(OCH2CH2)nOH, RCO- rep. alkyl groups from tallow, avg. n = 2 Properties Nonionic... 

Most of the technically produced a-sulfo fatty esters are prepared from unbranched saturated fatty acid esters that are derived from C8-C22 carboxylic acids and Ci C3 alcohols. In particular, the C12 (lauric), C14 (myristic), C16 (palmitic), and Cig (stearic) acids are interesting because the ester sulfonates with these carbon chains have the best properties for surfactant applications. Triglycerides with the needed number of carbons are available in coconut oil (—48% C12, 17% C14), palm kernel oil (-50% C12, 17% C14), palm oil (—46% Cie), and tallow (—26% Cie, 23% Cig) [3,8]. Unsaturated esters normally contained in natural oils and tallow (e.g., tallow contains about 43% of oleic oil) cause an undesirable color of the ester sulfonates. Therefore, the esters must be distilled or hydrogenated before sulfonation so that their iodine number is less than 0.5 [38]. 

Based on the surface property data discussed earlier, methyl ester ethoxylates would be expected to perform similarly to alcohol ethoxylates, which is indeed the case. As shown in Fig. 13, methyl ester ethoxylates are comparable to alcohol ethoxylates, as well as other commonly used surfactants (see Table 1), in their ability to remove soil from fabric. Compositional variables affect the performance of methyl ester ethoxylates and alcohol ethoxylates. Lauryl range and tallow range methyl ester ethoxylates provide the best detergency, while optimal ethylene oxide content appears to depend on soil/ cloth-type (Fig. 14). Interaction with other surfactants also affects detergency performance. As shown in Fig. 15, methyl ester ethoxylates act synergistically with alcohol ethoxylates, while the opposite can be observed with alcohol sulfate and alcohol ether sulfate. 

Y. All et al.. Fuel properties of tallow and soybean oil esters. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 72 (1995) P. Bondioli, L. Folegatti, Evaluating the oxidation stability of biodiesel. An experimental contribution. Riv. Ital. Sostanze Grasse 73, 349-353 (1996)... 

CAS 8052-504 68140-10-3 EINECS/ELINCS 232-494-0 Synonyms Fleshing grease, sulfated sodium salt Sodium tallow alcohol sulfate Sulfated fallow, sodium salt Sulfuric acid, monotallow alkyl esters, sodium salts Tallow, sulfated, sodium salt Definition Mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates Formula ROSOjNa, R rep. alkyl groups from tallow Properties Brn. paste (as 55% act. matter In water)... 

Alkyl sulfates, also called alcohol sulfates, are formed by making the sulfuric acid esters of linear alcohols. Alkyl chain lengths range from Cp) to Cig. The properties of the alkyl sulfates vary with the alkyl chain length distribution. The alcohol source can be either natural (linear) or synthetic oxo (some branching) alcohols. About 15% of the detergent range alcohols in the United States come from saponification of natural oil and fat. Products are called, for example, tallow alcohol sulfate or coconut alcohol sulfate. They tend to... 

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