Taber abrader testing

The Taber abrader test for abrasion resistance of the mastic shows that the mastic has an abrasion resistance of rubber tile and unprinted linoleum. 

There is usually more than one test method to determine a performance because each test has its own behavior and meaning. As an example there are different tests used to determine the abrasion resistance of materials. There is the popular Taber abrasion test. It determines the weight loss of a plastic or other material after it is subjected to abrasion for a prescribed number of the abrader disk rotations (usually 1000). The abrader consists of an idling abrasive speed controlled rotating wheel with the load applied to the wheel. The abrasive action on the circular specimen is subjected to a rotary motion. 

The rotary-platform, double-head or Taber abrader, unlike those mentioned above, was not developed by the rubber industry but was intended for very general use. It is of the form (d) in Figure 11.4 but uses a pair of abrasive wheels. Although the degree of slip cannot be varied, the Taber is in other ways a very versatile apparatus. It uses a simple flat disc as the test piece which could, if necessary, be fabricated from more than one piece. The force on the test piece and the nature of the abradant are very readily varied and tests can be carried out in the presence of liquid or powder lubricants. When using the usual type of abrasive wheel, a refacing procedure is carried out before each material tested. 

Abrasive wear is a complex combination of a number of factors, including resilience, stiffness, thermal resistance, thermal stability, resistance to cutting, and tearing (Smith, 1993). There are a number of laboratory tests, both international standards and commercial tests, for the evaluation of abrasive wear. The results from these tests normally represent only an indication of the actual wear that can be found in practice. The test equipment generally has a loaded sample against course abradant or, in the case of a Taber abrader, a loaded abrasive wheel against a flat sample (see Chapter 8). 

ASTM D4060-01, Standard test method for abrasion resistance of organic coatings by the Taber Abrader, in Annual Book of ASTM Standards, vol. 06.01, ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor... 

In the Taber Abrader (or Abraser) tesf weight loss or thickness loss is measured. The specimen is placed in contact with an abrasive wheel under a load of 500 or 1000 g (ASTM D 1044). This test is generally performed on clear plastics however, the apparatus has also been used with rubber. 

A material s ability to resist abrasion is most often measured by its loss in weight when abraded with an abrader. The Taber abrader is widely used to measure abrasion resistance. In the Taber abrasion test, the test specimen is placed on a revolving turntable with a suitable abrading wheel imder a set certain dead weight. The weight loss after a large number of revolutions (at least 5000 revolutions) is measured. For softer materials, less abrasive wheels with a smaller load on the wheels may be used. 

The Taber Abrader measures wear by weight and/or thickness loss. Specified abrasive wheels are held under load of 500 or 1000 grams against a test specimen mounted on a rotating turntable. The equipment is described in ASTM D-1044, but the complete method is not followed for elastomer evaluations. 

For durability, a Taber abrader with a type C scuff head was used to press against the painted surface using a one pound weight of force, and the amount of paint removed (recorded as percent failure) was estimated, after a specific number of cycles with the maximum being 100 cycles. Before testing for durability the painted parts were placed in an oven at about 70°C for one hour to test the Hot Taber Durability. It should be noted that this thin coat with no top clear coat is a more severe test than if a top clear coat were applied for two reasons (1) a clear coat ordinarily has some slip additive that makes it more difficult to transfer the force to the material below (D. Frazier, private communication), and (2) a thicker coating or in this case two coats would give better results because the stress is transferred to some short distance just below the surface (34). 

The only method currently standardised internationally for plastics is the abrasive wheels method, more commonly known as the Taber abraser, which is specified in ISO 9352 [42]. A pair of abrasive wheels are in contact with a driven flat disk test piece as in Figure 6.1(d). The force on the wheels and the nature of the abradant is readily varied and the test can be carried out in the presence of liquids. 

The Frick-Taber63 test is a modified Taber, in which loose abradant is introduced between wheel and test piece, used particularly in the evaluation of flooring materials. It is specified in EN 660-264. 

Abrasion or resistance to abrasion is a function of the plastic, the ingredients in the plastic, the surface of the plastic, etc. Under test ASTM D1044 abrasion is related to loss in mg under standard conditions. Wear or abrasion has a relationship with the surface properties, i.e. coefficient of friction. DIN 53754E (Taber abrasion) is a similar test using a gritty material on an abrader wheel which measures wear against a number of wheel revolutions. 

Taber abraser n. An instrument used to measure abrasion resistance. Specimen on a turntable rotates under a pair of weighted abrading wheels that produce abrasion through sideslip. This is a product of Taber Industries Inc., www.taberindustries.com. Paint and coating testing manual (Gardner-Sward Handbook) MNL 17, 14th edn. ASTM, Conshohocken, PA, 1995. 

There exist several methods for testing mar resistance as it relates to the gloss of a surface, but standardized means of characterizing the resulting behavior are limited not only in availability, but also in physical meaning [4-5]. Normally, some types of abrasive testing device, like a Crockmeter tester or a Taber-type abrader is used to test the sample surface in a... 

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