Syphilis chemotherapy

Although the element is a metalloid, the long, brittle, crystals have a metallic shine. The white, tasteless oxide (arsenic trioxide As203) has been famous and notorious ("inheritance powder") even after centuries traces can be found in bodies. The arsenic compound "Salvarsan" was first used by Paul Ehrlich for the treatment of syphilis — the start of chemotherapy. Popular today as a semiconducting material. Component of LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and lasers. Arsenic hardens lead, used earlier in letter-press printing, today only for lead shot. 

The compound arsphenamine is also called compound 606 because it was the 606th arsenic compound that Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) had synthesized for use in treating diseases. His assistant found this compound to be effective as a treatment for syphilis. Ehrlich also coined the word chemotherapy. ... 

Paul Ehrlich demonstrated the effective use of methylene blue in the treatment of malaria. He also synthesized arsenical compounds (neoarsphenamine) effective in the treatment of syphilis. The synthesis of newer and powerful antibacterial substances gave the recognition to Paul Ehrlich as the father of modern chemotherapy and awarded the Nobel prize of medicine in 1909. 

EHRLICH, PAUL (1854-1915). A native uf Silesia, Enrlich is considered the founder of the science of chemotherapy, or the treatment of diseases by chemical agents. He did fundamental work on immunity, which earned him the Nobel prize in medicine in 1908. and also developed the famous neoarsphenamine (salvarsan or 606) treatment for syphilis (1910). which was no) improved upon until the discovery of penicillin. 

Although now essentially obsolete for the treatment of human diseases because of their toxicities, organoarsenic compounds were the first synthetic organic pharmaceutical agents and were widely used in the early 1900s. The first pharmaceutical application was that of atoxyl (the sodium salt of 4-aminophenylarsinic acid), which was used to treat sleeping sickness. The synthesis of Salvarsan by Dr. Paul Ehrlich in 1907 was a development that may be considered the beginning of modem chemotherapy (chemical treatment of disease). Salvarsan was widely used for the treatment of syphilis. Toxic effects of Salvarsan included jaundice and encephalitis (brain inflammation). 

Ehrlich embarked on his search for magic bullets to treat parasitic disease with a vast supply of new chemicals from the German dye industry. In 1909 Ehrlich discovered the first effective cure for syphilis, compound 606 (also called Salvarsan). For his insight and this achievement Ehrlich is known as the father of chemotherapy, see also Dyes. 

The toxicity of arsenic compounds to living organisms is utilized in chemotherapy several organic compountis of arsenic liave been dis covered which are able to attack invading organisms, such as the spiro chete of syphilis, when taken in amounts smaller than the amount poisonous to man. 

Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915), the German scientist who was the pioneer of chemotherapy and discovered the first cure for syphilis (Salvarsan). 

Leptospirosis. To be maximally effective, chemotherapy should be started within 4 days of the onset of symptoms. Benzylpenicillin is recommended a Herxheimer reaction may be induced (see Syphilis). General supportive management is important, including attention to fluid balance and observation for signs of hepatic, renal or cardiac failure. 

Paul Ehrlich, the father of immunology and chemotherapy, discovered Salvarsan, an arsenical magic bullet (a favorite phrase of his) used to treat syphilis. He hypothesized at the beginning of this century that it might be possible to find a dye that would selectively stain, or dye, a bacterial cell and thus destroy it. In 19321.G. Farbenindustrie patented a new azo dye, Prontosil, which they put through routine testing for chemotherapeutic activity when it was noted it had particular affinity for protein fibers like silk. 

Chemotherapy may be said to have begun when Ehrlich developed his arsphenamine treatment of syphilis (1910), the so-called magic bullets that killed microorganisms with minimum damage to the host. This practice has been broadly applied to cancer therapy in recent years but without positive results. Another significant event was Funk s discovery (1911) of the ability of certain plant products to cure a disease called beri-beri these soon were named vitamins. Their classification, metabolic functions, and curative properties were established by many researchers, including McCollum, Szent-Gyorgyi, Sherman, and R. J. Williams (B complex). 

Paul Erhlich tests salvarsan, first treatment effective against syphilis regarded as birth of modern chemotherapy... 

Arsenic compounds became important much earlier than did phosphorus compounds. Since Ehrlich (1854-1915, Nobel laureate 1908 and creator of modern chemotherapy) together with Hata prepared salvarsan (1) (Ehrlich-Hata 606), the first trypanocidal compound against syphilis, an early boom in arsenic chemistry began. The formula (1) of salvarsan is in fact incorrect salvarsan is an oligmeric compound. Systems with true As=As double bonds were described only as late as 1983 <83TL3625>. 

The synthetic substance arsphenamine was used, in 1909, by the German bacteriologist Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) as a therapeutic agent against syphilis. This application is taken as having founded the study of chemotherapy, the treatment of disease by the use of specific chemicals. 

In 1910, Salvarsan (arsphenamine) followed. This arsenic-containing compound, discovered bySahachiro Hata (1873-1938) at Paul Ehrlich s lab in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, was the first effective medicament for the scourge of the population, syphilis. Paul Ehrlich is now reckoned as being the founder of chemotherapy against microbial diseases. 

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