Synthetic biodegradable resins

Table 9.3 Natural and synthetic biodegradable polymer resins...

Synthetic biodegradable polymers are generally made by polycondensation methods from petroleum-based feedstocks. However, different from other petrochemical-based resins that may take centuries to degrade, these synthetic polyesters decompose rapidly into carbon dioxide, water, and humus under appropriate conditions where they are exposed to the combined attack of water and microorganisms [109, 116, 117). Petroleum-based biodegradable polymers that have been used in bionanocomposites are PCL, polyesteramides (PEAs), PBS, aliphatic polyesters (APES), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [116]. 

Certain types of adsorption media have been shown to preferentially adsorb certain contaminants. For example, research has shown that, in some cases, coconut shell-based GAC removes MTBE better than typical coal-based GAC. In addition, synthetic resins have been developed to preferentially adsorb some oxygenates, such as TBA, that are less absorbable by GAC. Often, adsorption processes also take advantage of the biodegradability of MTBE and other oxygenates by promoting bacterial growth on the adsorption. 

For use on all fibers, natural and synthetic. Good wetting. Stable to resins and finishing chemicals. Biodegradable. 

Novamonf Mater<8i biodegradable ahoy modHiod synthetic resin... 

Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether s former production and use in the textile industry and as solvent in natural and synthetic resins may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 1.55 mm Hg at 25°C indicates that bis(2-chloroethyl)ether will exist solely as vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase bis(2-chloroethyl)ether will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days. If released into soil, bis(2-chloroethyl) ether has a high mobility. Many ethers are known to be resistant to biodegradation. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is an important fate process. If released into water, bis(2-chloroethyl)ether is not adsorbed by suspended solids and sediment in water. Volatilization from water surfaces is an important fate process. The volatilization half-life from a model river and a model lake is estimated as approximately 40 h and 16 days. Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is a marine pollutant and its release to the sea is prohibited by the International Convention since 1973. ... 

CappiteUi, R, Zanardini, E. and Sorlini, C. (2004). The biodegradation of synthetic resins used in conservation. Macromolecular Bioscience, 4, 399-406. 

Biodegradable plastics can be based on natural or synthetic resins. Natural biodegradable plastics are based primarily on renewable resources (such as starch) and can be either naturally produced or synthesized from renewable resources. They are coming under polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, lignin, etc.), proteins (gelatine, wool, silk, etc.), lipid (fats and oil), polyesters produced by plant or microorganisms (PHA), polyesters derived... 

G.J.L. Griffin, Biodegradable synthetic resin sheet material containing starch and a fatty material, US Patent 4016117, assigned to Coloroll Limited (London, EN), April 5,1977. 

Biodegradable pigments already exist, but they do not provide better properties than synthetic pigments. Conventional flexographic ink compositions are normally made of acrylic, methacryHc, epoxy or styrene-based polymer resins. Actually, acrylic and epoxy resins are present in 90% of the flexographic ink compositions. 

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