Symbiotic industries

There are many examples of such possible symbiotic industries however, most are not viable. The problems are both economic as well as logistic (for example, transportation of flue gases is not feasible for distances larger than a few kilometers). It is thus necessary to concentrate upon developing local ways to reuse waste products. 

Barber 1998). To achieve a truly symbiotic relationship between physicians and the pharmaceutical industry, the light of transparency is required to dispel the darkness where conflict of interest, conspiracy, and corruption can thrive. 

V planifolia is the only orchid used for industrial purposes (in the food and cosmetic industries). Vanilla species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidopteran species, including Hypercompe eridanus and H. icasia. The seeds will not germinate in normal soil they need a certain symbiotic fungus. 

Natural products, either directly or as the original lead, are the source for over 50% of our current drugs. That suggests that natural product scaffolds are a highly fruitful starting point for combinatorial chemistry. In the past, the relationship between these two fields has been somewhat adversarial. Combinatorial libraries were partially responsible for the downsizing or abandonment of namral product screening by the pharmaceutical industry. More recently, it has come to be realized that this was a premature decision. Natural products and combinatorial chemistry have much to offer each other, and in the future a more symbiotic relationship between the two is likely. 

There are no practical guidelines for solving the "N.I.H." problem once it occurs, for the solution depends on the personalities involved and the particular circumstances. Rather than solve the problem, I prefer to prevent it. This is relatively easy if the people in the industrial laboratory know what is expected of the consultant and of them. The industrial llason and the consultant need to make the laboratory personnel see the relationship as a symbiotic one, one that does not imply failure or inadequacies on the part of the laboratory people. If industry people see the situation as one which will result in greater accomplishments for all concerned, they will cooperate. 

The future of the Interface between industry and universities looks positive recognition of the special needs and constraints within which each type of institution must operate is beginning to evolve, and with this mutual understanding is bound to come the development of ever stronger ties and the recognition that industry and academe can live together in harmony, that their welfare is interdependent, and that their progress is perhaps even symbiotic. 

It is commonly asserted that the German chemical industry achieved world leadership during the late nineteenth century in large part because it was the first to develop a truly symbiotic relationship with German academic chemists—i.e., a close, mutually profitable cooperation on many levels. Yet many aspects of that cooperation and the origins of industrial research itself remain obscure, their details only beginning to emerge from industrial and academic archives. Despite a few useful earlier studies, until recently the development of the academic-industrial symbiosis after 1914 was even... 

C. accounts for more of the earth s biomass than any other compound. The total amount is equivalent to about 50% of the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere about 100 billion metric tonnes are produced each year. It is degraded by organisms that possess Cellulases (see) lower plants, wood-destroying fungi and some bacteria. Termites, ruminants and some rodents harbor symbiotic bacteria in their digestive tracts which enable them to utilize cellulose. In animals that cannot digest it (e.g. humans and carnivores), C. is a ballast substance. C. is a very important industrial product, obtained primarily by acid (sulfite... 

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