Surface properties and biocompatibility

Tang ZG, Black RA, Curran JM, et al. Surface properties and biocompatibility of solvent-cast poly[ -caprolactone] films. Biomaterials 2004 25(19) 4741 748. 

Plasma surface processing is an effective and economical surface treatment technique for many materials and of growing interest in the biomedical field. One of the most important advantages of plasma surface modification is that the surface properties and biocompatibility can be modified selectively while the bulk characteristics of the materials remain unchanged. 

CNTs offer an exciting possibility for developing ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensors because of their unique electrical properties and biocompatible nanostructures. Luong et al. have fabricated a glucose biosensor based on the immobilization of GOx on CNTs solubilized in 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). The as-prepared CNT-based biosensor using a carbon fiber has achieved a picoamperometric response current with the response time of less than 5 s and a detection limit of 5-10 pM [109], When Nation is used to solubilize CNTs and combine with platinum nanoparticles, it displays strong interactions with Pt nanoparticles to form a network that connects Pt nanoparticles to the electrode surface. The Pt-CNT nanohybrid-based glucose biosensor... 

Surface-modified polyolefin materials are widely used in biomedical field. Low-temperature plasma-treated PE was well suited for biomedical application. UHMWPE after surface modification with low-temperature plasma is the principal material used to replace damaged cartilage in total joint arthroplasty or the surgical reconstmction of a diseased joint [73]. The UHMWPE having desirable mechanical properties and biocompatibility is used in orthopaedic implants and joint socket in bone replacement. 

Nie, F.Q., Xu, Z.K., Huang, X.J., Ye, P. and Wu, J. 2003. Acrylonitrile-based copolymer membranes containing reactive groups Surface modification by the immobilization of poly(ethylene glycol) for improving antifouling property and biocompatibility. LanemuirWrny. 9889-9895. 

Magnetic particles have a significant role in nanotechnology due to their surface properties and their applicability in physical and chemical processes like ionic exchange, specific complexation, biocompatibility and bioactivity, capacity of selection and transport for cells and chemical compounds (Safarik Safarikova, 2002). 

Class D. The class of engineered assemblies includes systems that do not spontaneously form ordered structures under normal conditions. Their classification as SPs can be justified since elements of supramolecular interaction stfil assist the final organization. Some examples are layered assembly of complementary poly electrolytes obtained by stepwise deposition under kinetic control (cf. Chapter 19), and polymer brushes prepared by grafting a polymer chain over a SAM of an initiator [6]. Both approaches allow a fine-tuning of surface properties and patterning possibilities. Tailored performance in applications, such as biocompatibility, biocatalysis, integrated optics and electronics have been considered. Additional differences between self-assembled and engineered SPs are discussed in Section I.C. 

Hong Z, Zhang P, He C et al (2005) Nano-composite of poly(L-lactide) and surface grafted hydroxyapatite mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Biomaterials 26 6296-6304... 

Yue W-W, Li H-J, Xiang T, Qin H, Sun S-D, Zhao C-S (2013) Grafting of zwitterion from polysulfone membrane via surface-initiated ATRP with enhanced antifouling property and biocompatibility. J Membr Sci 446 79-91... 

A surface is that part of an object which is in direct contact with its environment and hence, is most affected by it. The surface properties of solid organic polymers have a strong impact on many, if not most, of their apphcations. The properties and structure of these surfaces are, therefore, of utmost importance. The chemical stmcture and thermodynamic state of polymer surfaces are important factors that determine many of their practical characteristics. Examples of properties affected by polymer surface stmcture include adhesion, wettability, friction, coatability, permeability, dyeabil-ity, gloss, corrosion, surface electrostatic charging, cellular recognition, and biocompatibility. Interfacial characteristics of polymer systems control the domain size and the stability of polymer-polymer dispersions, adhesive strength of laminates and composites, cohesive strength of polymer blends, mechanical properties of adhesive joints, etc. 

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