Support for basic research

There is little doubt that we are faced with the prospect of a leveling off of government support in all of the basic sciences. Unfortunately, increases in support for basic research in chemistry have been smaller than in other disciplines during the last few years. TTiis means that the support available for established branches of chemistry is likely to level off at an undesirably low level which would mean a dangerous curtailment of expansion into new areas. ... 

The vice president for research and engineering of the Lever Brothers Company reviews data from NSB Science Indicators— 1976 bearing on the decline in Industrial support for basic research. 

What does the record show about our commitment to basic research The fraction of GNP devoted to basic research was about 20% less in 1978 than it was in 1968—although I should say that in adjusted dollars, the support for basic research is about the same now as it was then. 

Support for basic research on nonaqueous electrolytes from the following sources is also acknowledged U.S. Air Force, Office of Scientific Research U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research U.S. Atomic Energy Commission U.S. Department of Interior, Office of Saline Water and the National Science Foundation to one of us (G.J.J.) and the Themis Program, U.S. Department of Defense, to both of us. 

In their work on the monograph the authors were partially supported by the Russian Fund for Basic Research under grant 97-01-00896 and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. 

The work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Project No 05-03-33178. 

This research is supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 04-03-32840), Grant of President of the Russian Federation Scientific School No. 1763.2003.03. 

This work was performed with financial support of Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant No. 04-03-96095), grant Leading scientific schools HILL-1997.2003.3, Ural scientific-education center Perspective materials , supporting by Ministry of education and Civilian Research Development Foundation (grant EK-005-XI), BRHE 2004 (grant Y2-C-05-08). 

The work are supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research and Federal Agency of Education, projects No. 04-03-32946 and No. 45166, respectively... 

This work has been supported by Russian Fund for Basic Research (grants 00-15-97320 99-03-33132a). V.I.M. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Humboldt Research Award 1999). 

Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. This work was supported by a CRDF grant (REC-008) and by a grant 003-03-40135 (The Russian Foundation for Basic Research). 

TABLE A. 1 Federal Support for Basic and Applied Chemical Engineering Research in FY 1985 (thousands of dollars) ... 

This work has been supported by the State Foundation for Basic Research of the Ministry for Education and Science of Ukraine (grant No. 03.07/00168). The author expresses his gratitude to the U.S. Civilian Research and Development Foundation for financial support of his participation in the NATO-CARWC Wokrshop and Conference to the Argonne National Laboratory, Superior Graphite Co., and personally to Dr. C. Johnson and Dr. I. Barsukov, for the organizational support of the visit. 

The work was supported by grants from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 06-03-96007-p east a) as well as from the Presidiums of the Russian Academy of Sciences (No. 06-I-OXHM-138) and the Far East Department of the Russian Academy of Sciences (No. 06-II-CO-04-018). 

This chapter was written with the aid of financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 05-03-32126. The author thanks Mr. Artyom Gushchin for his help in preparing the manuscript. 

The authors are grateful to Dr. M.S. Nechaev and Dr. V.N. Khrustalev for help in the preparation of the text, to Professors R. West, C. Eaborn, D.J. Smith, J. Barrau, K. Izod, S. Berger, M. Veith, E. Vedejs, E. Nifant ev, and O. Kolodyazhnyi and to Dr. D. Laikov for fruitful discussions. This work was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project Nos. 96-03-33188 and 00-03-32889). 

The authors would like to express appreciation for the partial support for this research provided by the Division of Basic Sciences of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract EY-76-S-09-0933. 

The White House and Congress have heralded the fact that the NIH budget was doubled to 27.3 billion in the five-year period ending in fiscal 2003. Nevertheless, the benefits of basic and clinical research supported by the NIH will not be realized if there is little or no grant support for translational research. Neither the pharmaceutical industry nor health care practitioners are well positioned to perform this research. A national commitment to improving health outcomes cannot end at the clinical research phase. Substantial new resources must be committed to translational research. 

We are grateful to our co-workers who have carried out a large portion of the work described herein and whose names appear in the references. We are also grateful to the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and to the Russian Academy of Sciences (project N 06-03-32406 and program N 5.1.9, respectively) for financial support... 

We are grateful to Drs. R. D. Komberg and J. Sperling for helpful discussions and suggestions concerning the manuscript. The work of the authors laboratory was partially supported by grants from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), the Jewish Agency, and the Israeli Commission for Basic Research. 

In 1950, the National Science Foundation was established to chatmel federal support into basic research. The model for the National Science Foundation grew out of the success of the wartime Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD. Appropriations for the Foundation rose sharply from 225,000 in fiscal year 1951 to 14 million in fiscal year 1955 and to 153 million in fiscal year 1960. In the period 1953-1960, U.S. spending on R D grew from 5.13 billion to 13.55 billion and the federal share of the total climbed from 54 to 65% (Skolnik Reese, 1976). 

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