Supplementation, selenomethionine

Adults males given a choice between a control diet or diets with 5, 10, or 20 mg Se/kg ration as selenomethionine Adult males were fed diets supplemented with 0, 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg Se/kg ration as selenomethionine for 16-week exposure that began in November. Survivors were fed untreated diets for 4 more weeks... 

Roy, M., Kiremidjian-Schumacher, L., Wishe, H., Cohen, M.W., and Stotzky, G. 1994. Supplementation with selenium and human immune cell functions. I. Effect on lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin 2 receptor expression. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 41, 103-114. Schrauzer, G.N. 1998a. Selenomethionine and selenium yeast appropriate forms of selenium for use in infant formulas and nutritional supplements. J. Med. Foods 1, 201-206. 

Thomson, C.D., Burton, C.E., and Robinson, M.F. 1978. On supplementing the selenium intake of New Zealanders. I. Short experiments with large doses of selenite or selenomethionine. Br. 

Enhancing the Se levels in crops can be achieved by adding organic amendments (manure of Se-supplemented farmed animals) or inorganic Se to mineral fertilizers [116, 117]. The use of sodium selenate-enriched fertilizers in Finland resulted in increased Se levels in different foods and, consequently, the average serum Se in the population improved over the period 1984 D1988. ICP-MS was used to study the feasibility of wheat enrichment by selenate addition to soil fertilizers [118]. AE-HPLC-ICP-MS was optimized for the separation of selenite, selenate, selenocysteine, and selenomethionine. Total Se determination and speciation analysis were performed in water extracts and in enzymatic digests of wheat samples. It was shown that a major part of the selenate taken up by cereals was converted to selenomethionine. 

C. Devos, K. Sandra, P. Sandra, Capillary gas chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (CGC-ICPMS) for the enantiomeric analysis of d,l-selenomethionine in food supplements and urine, J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal, 27 (2002), 507D514. 

Se-enriched yeast is the most abundant commercially available source of supplemental Se, with at least a dozen products. Selenomethionine is reported to be the primary chemical form of Se in yeast. Because manufacturers of Se-enriched yeast do not adhere to a single production and/or quality standard, the form of Se probably varies considerably from product to product. 

Other studies have indicated that humans might absorb selenomethionine more efficiently than sodium selenite (Moser-Veillon et al. 1992 Swanson et al. 1991). Young et al. (1982) studied human absorption of dietary selenium in young men in the United States. The men ate either 75Se-labeled chicken alone (0.013 mg selenium/person) or the chicken plus supplemental labeled sodium selenite (0.071 mg... 

Risk assessment. The model was designed to simulate the pharmacokinetics of selenium orally administered as selenomethionine to humans as a preparation for a larger anti-cancer supplementation study jointly undertaken by the NCI and the USDA (Patterson et al. 1993 Swanson et al. 1991). 

Both inorganic selenium and selenomethionine are also found in selenium supplements. The amounts in these supplements generally range from 10 to 25 pg/tablet (Goodman et al. 1990). A guide to vitamin and minerals recommends that not more than 200 pg selenium/day should be taken in any form (Hender 1990). 

Clausen J, Nielsen SA. 1988. Comparison of whole blood selenium values and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activities of normal individuals on supplementation with selenate, selenite, L-selenomethionine, and high selenium yeast. Biol Trace Elem Res 15 125-138. 

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