SULFURIC ACID solution in water

The propenylbenzene has at this point been converted to a ketal. This is hydrolyzed to the phenylacetone hy shaking the filtrate with about 2000 ml of 1 molar sulfuric acid solution in water for about 5 minutes. The phenylacetone is then extracted out with a couple of... 

Silver Sulfate. Silver sulfate, AggSe204, is prepared by treating metallic silver with hot sulfuric acid. Alternatively, a solution of silver nitrate is acidified with sulfuric acid and the nitric acid is evaporated, leaving a solution of silver sulfate. Silver sulfate is more soluble in sulfuric acid than in water because of the formation of silver hydrogen sulfate [19287-89-9], AgHSO. ... 

Stannous Sulfate. Stannous sulfate (tin(Il) sulfate), mol wt 214.75, SnSO, is a white crystalline powder which decomposes above 360°C. Because of internal redox reactions and a residue of acid moisture, the commercial product tends to discolor and degrade at ca 60°C. It is soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid and in water (330 g/L at 25°C). The solubihty in sulfuric acid solutions decreases as the concentration of free sulfuric acid increases. Stannous sulfate can be prepared from the reaction of excess sulfuric acid (specific gravity 1.53) and granulated tin for several days at 100°C until the reaction has ceased. Stannous sulfate is extracted with water and the aqueous solution evaporates in vacuo. Methanol is used to remove excess acid. It is also prepared by reaction of stannous oxide and sulfuric acid and by the direct electrolysis of high grade tin metal in sulfuric acid solutions of moderate strength in cells with anion-exchange membranes (36). 

Place 30 mL of 3M sulfuric acid solution in a 100-mL beaker. Immerse the key and copper anode in the solution for a few minutes. Remove with tweezers and rinse with distilled water. CAUTION Avoid skin contact with sulfuric acid. 

Figure 18.2. Nonlinear dependence of volume on molality for dilute solutions of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in water (H2O). Based on data of I. M. Klotz and C. F. Eckert, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 1878 (1942).

What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 2.355 g of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) in water and diluting to a final volume of 50.0 mL ... 

The feedstock was mixed with 3% (w/w) sulfuric acid solution in 500-mL closed universal flasks with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 8 (w/w). The moisture content of the samples was included as water in the material balances. The mixtures were allowed to stand for 10 min at room temperature in order to equilibrate the acid concentrations between the bulk phase and biomass. Hydrolysis was performed in an autoclave at 130°C for pre-established isothermal periods ranging from 2 to 240 min. The flasks were placed inside the autoclave at 100°C, and the heating time to reach 130°C was recorded. After the reaction time had elapsed, the autoclave was rapidly cooled down and the hydrolysate and solid phase were recovered by filtration (Whatman no. 1 filter paper). All experiments were done at least in duplicate. 

Many of these solutions are quite stable and the organic compound can be recovered unchanged simply by diluting the sulfuric acid solution with water. In other cases subsequent reactions ensue, such as hydrolysis, in the case of some esters (35, 70 and amides (14), for example,... 

The relative apparent molar heat contents of sulfuric acid (solute) in mixtures with water (solvent), for various compositions at 25° C, are recorded in Table XXXVl. It may be noted that when L is positive, is negative, and the dilution process is accompanied by the evolution of heat. It is seert, therefore, from Table XXXVI that heat is evolved upon the infinite dilution of sulfuric acid solutions at all concentrations down to the lowest studied, viz., 0.00108 molal. 

Although the transformation of acrylonitrile to acrylamide sulfate is carefully controlled by limiting the water content of the medium and the residence tune (5 to 10 min) in the reactor, a small fraction is hydrolysed to acrylic add. This reaction takes place at atmospheric pressve, between 145 and I55 C, in the presence of 85 per cent weight sulfuric acid solution, in an agitated jacketed reactor, with a once-through conversion of more than 95 to 97 per cent... 

FERRIC FLUORIDE (7783-50-8) FjFe Noncombustible solid. Forms acid solution in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid, organic anhydrides, alkalis, bases, amines, amides inorganic hydroxides ammonia, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, vinyl acetate. 

IRON FLUORIDE (7783-50-8) Forms acid solution in water. Contact with strong oxidizers may cause fire and explosions. Aqueous solution is incompatible with sulfuric acid. 

The elements that fall between the alkali metals and the halogens show a progressive gradation of properties between the two extranes. For instance, the elements such as magnesium (12 electrons), aluminum (13), silicon (14), phosphorus (15), and sulfur (16), which faU between sodium (11) and chlorine (17), show a decrease in metallic character and an increasing tendency to form less alkaline and more acidic solutions in water. 

This reaction shows that solid calcium carbonate reacts with a heated solution of sulfuric acid dissolved in water to form solid calcium sulfate, carbon dioxide gas, and liquid water. 

Heeger s research group obtained monofilament conductive fibers from a blend of polyaniline and poly(/ -phenyleneterephthalamide) (Kevlar from DuPont) [88]. The monofilament fibers, with different concentrations of polyaniline, were wet-spun from a solution of the component polymers in sulfuric acid, into a 1 N sulfuric acid solution. In the process, a draw ratio of 7 20 and an extrusion speed of 0.12-0.3mmin enabled the continuous production of bobbins. These were sprayed with deionized water to prevent fiber collapse and to remove the excess of sulfuric acid. The bobbins were immersed in HCl to protonate the polyaniline and dried in a vacuum oven. Pure polyaniline fibers were also wet spun by the same method. The Kevlar fibers become brittle with an increase in the concentration of polyaniline. In general, the mechanical properties of the fibers change proportionally to the concentration of polyaniline. Enhancement of the strain at break occurs at the expense of electrical conductivity. The most significant result from this work was the observation that small amounts of polyamide improved markedly the mechanical properties of polyaniline fibers, while retaining its conductivity (10 S cm ). 

Reflux a mixture of pentane-1,5-dinitrile (insert the number of g and mol to be used) and sulfuric acid (ml) in water (ml) for 10 hours and allow to cool. Using a separating funnel, extract the solution with ethoxyethane (4 x 150 ml portions). Dry the ethereal extracts with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. Distil off the ether to yield the desired product, pentane-1,5-dioic acid. 

The acid rain leaches (washes out) nutrients from the soil, and so prevents the healthy growth of plants. Not only that, the acid rain can attack the waxy layer on leaves. This increases water loss and makes the plant more susceptible to disease and pests. Trees that grow at high altitudes are especially vulnerable, as they are often in contact with the tiny droplets of water (sulfuric acid solution) in clouds. 

When concentrated sulfuric acid dissolves in water, a great deal of heat is given off, nearly 100 kj per mole of H2SO4. Sometimes enough heat is evolved to bring the solution to the boiling point. To prevent this and to avoid splattering, the acid should be added... 

After cleaning to remove coarse material, ie, cobs, and fines (broken com, dust, etc), the com is steeped in a sulfurous acid solution to soften the com and render the starch granules separable from the protein matrix that envelopes them. About 7% of the kernel s dry substance is leached out during this step, forming protein-rich steep-water, a valuable feed ingredient and fermentation adjunct. 

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