Sulfur isotopes, studies

This estimate can be evaluated based on the strontium and sulfur isotopic studies... 

Figure 1.178 represents a comparison between the stannite-sphalerite temperatures and homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions or sulfur isotope temperatures. It can be seen in Fig. 1.178 that Nakamura and Shima s geothermometer would be rather consistent with the temperature estimated based on the fluid inclusions or sulfur isotope studies. It is notable that almost all stannite-sphalerite temperatures are within 30°C of average homogenization temperatures and sulfur isotope temperatures. 

Hamada, M. and Imai, A. (2000) Sulfur isotopic study of the Toyoha deposit, Hokkaido, Japan — Comparison between the earlier-stage and the later-stage veins. Resource Geology, 50, 113-122. 

Kajiwara, Y. (1971) Sulfur isotope study of the Kuroko-ores of the Shakanai No. 1 deposit, Akita Prefecture, Japan. Geochem. 7.,4, 157-181. 

Shikazono, N. and Shimazaki, H. (1985) Sulfur isotopes study of the Yatani Zn-Pb-Au-Ag vein-type deposits in Japan. Geochem. J., 19, 259-267. 

Ueda, A. and Sakai, H. (1984) Sulfur isotope study of Quaternary volcanic rocks from the Japanese islands arc. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 1837-1846. 

Miyake, T. and Sasaki, A. (1980) Sulfur isotope study of metallic mineral deposits in Japan Part 2. Subsidized Scientific Research Report, Tokyo Ministry of Education (in Japanese). 

Woodruff, L.G. and Shanks, W.C. Ill (1988) Sulfur isotope. study of chimney minerals and vent fluids from 21°N East Pacific Rise Hydrothermal sulfur sources and disequilibrium sulfate reduction. J. Geophys. Res., 93, 4562-4572,... 

Ueda A, Sakai S (1984) Sulfur isotope study of Quaternary volcanic rocks from the Japanese Island Arc. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 48 1837-1848 Urey HC (1947) The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances. J Chem Soc 1947 562 Urey HC, Brickwedde FG, Murphy GM (1932) A hydrogen isotope of mass 2 and its concentration. Phys Rev 40 1... 

Convincing evidence of recycling of volatiles to the mantle and their incorporation into diamonds has recently been reported from sulfur isotope studies of sulfide inclusions within diamond (Farquhar et al., 2002). SIMS analysis of sulfide inclusions has revealed anomalous mass-indepen-dently fractionated sulfur isotopic compositions from the Orapa kimberlite, which are explained as a consequence of the recycling of surface sulfur produced through photolytic chemistry in the Archean atmosphere. Such studies need to be extended to other diamond populations and combined with C-N isotope studies on the host diamonds. 

Sulfur isotope studies have also provided insights into the transition from Archean low Po to higher values in the Proterozoic. In the same studies that revealed extremely low Archean ocean sulfate concentrations, it was found that by —2.2 Ga, isotopic compositions of sedimentary sulfates and sulfides indicate bacterial sulfate reduction under more elevated seawater sulfate concentrations compared with the sulfate-poor Archean (Habicht et al., 2002 Canfield et al., 2000). As described above, nitrogen isotope ratios in sedimentary kerogens show a large and permanent shift at —2.0 Ga, consistent with denitrification, significant seawater nitrate concentrations, and thus available atmospheric O2. 

Both, R.A. and Smith, J.W., 1975. A sulfur isotope study of base-metal mineralization in the Willyama complex, western New South Wales, Australia. Econ. Geol., 70 308— 318. 

Chambers L.A. (1982) Sulfur isotope study of a modern intertidal environment, and the interpretation of ancient sulfides. Geochim. Cosmochim.Acta 46, 721—8. 

Krouse H.R. (1977) Sulfur isotope studies and their role in petroleum exploration.J. Geochem. Explor. 7, 189-211. 

Monster, J., P. W. U. Appel, H. G. Thode, M. Schidlowski, C. M. Carmichael, and D. Bridgwater (1979). Sulfur isotope studies in early archaean sediments from Isua, West Greenland implications for the antiquity of bacterial sulfate reduction. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 43, 405-413. 

Several common sulfide mineral pairs have fractionations that are calibrated and appropriate for thermometry, especially in sulfide deposits. However thermometry has often been disappointing, and sulfur isotope studies have tended to concentrate on elucidating fluid conditions, sources of sulfur, and ore mineral paragenesis (Ohmoto... 

Stable isotope studies of sulfide and sulfate minerals from TAG have been carried out by Alt and Teagle (1998), Chiba et al. (1998), Friedman (1998), Gemmell and Sharpe (1998), Herzig et al. (1998), Knott et al. (1998), and Teagle et al. (1998a,b). Limited stable isotope data on the black smoker fluids are presented in Table 1. Sulfur isotope studies of minerals in the TAG deposit (Fig. 11) indicate a range from 4.5 to 9%o for... 

Kaplan IR, Sweeney RE, Nissenbaum A (1969) Sulfur isotope studies on Red Sea geothermal brines and sediments. In ET Degens, DA Ross (eds) Hot Brines and Recent Heavy Metal Deposits in the Red Sea A geochemical and geophysical account. Springer-Verlag, New York, p 474-498 Kase K, Yamamoto M, Shibata T (1990) 13 copper-rich sulfide deposits near 23°N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge Chemical composition, mineral chemistry, and sulfur isotopes. In J Honnerez, WB Bryan, T Juteau (eds) Proc ODP, Sci Results 106/109 163-177... 

The minor isotopes of sulfur, and (Table 1), have generally not been analyzed in sulfur isotopic studies. This is, in part, because the natural abundance of the minor isotopes is very small and their analysis is technically difficult, as the sulfur must first be converted to SFe. Also, they are expected to experience mass-de ) endent fractionations with fractionating about half as much (0.515 times) as and fractionating about... 

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