Sulfur isotope ratios

Crowe, D.E., Valley, J.W. and Baker, K.L. 1990 Micro-analysis of sulfur-isotope ratios and zona-tion by laser microprobe. Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa 54 2075-2092. 

Kiyosu, Y. (1977b) Sulfur isotope ratios of ores and chemical environment of ore deposition in the Taishu Pb-Zn sulfide deposits, Japan. Geochem. J., 11, 91-99. 

Komuro, K. and Sasaki, A. (1985) Sulfur isotope ratio of framboidal pyrite in Kuroko ores from the Ezuri mine, Akita Prefecture, Japan. Mining Geology, 35, 289-293. 

Shimazaki, H. and Yamamoto, M. (1983) Sulfur isotope ratios for the Akatani, lide and Waga Sennin skam deposits, and their bearing on mineralization in the Green tuff region, Japan. Geochem. J., 17, 197-207. 

Fig. 2.56. Sulfur isotope ratios of pyrite from the deposits of the Fujimi and Fudotaki groups of the Hitachi mine (Kase and Yamamoto, 1985).

Microanalytical techiuques such as laser microprobe (Kelley and Fallick 1990 Crowe et al. 1990 Hu et al. 2003 Ono et al. 2006) and ion microprobe (Chaussidon et al. 1987, 1989 Eldridge et al. 1988, 1993) have become promising tools for determining sulfur isotope ratios. These techniques have several advantages over conventional techniques such as high spatial resolution and the capability for in-situ spot analysis. Sulfur isotopes are fractionated during ion or laser bombardment, but fractionation effects are mineral specific and reproducible. 

Rabinovich AL, Grinenko VA (1979) Sulfate sulfur isotope ratios for USSR river water. Geochemistry 16 No 2 68-79... 

A gas chromatograph coupled to a MC-ICP-MS for the precise determination of isotope ratios as part of the speciation application has been described, for example, for the elements S, Pb, Hg and Sb.2 Transient signals of sulfur isotope ratios (32S/34S) have been measured in an isotopic gas standard (PIGS 2010, IRMM) to determine SF6 using GC-MC-ICP-MS (Isoprobe, Micromass, UK) with a hexapole collision cell.42 For data evaluation of chromatographic peaks, peak integration limits were defined by the determination of a uniform isotope ratio zone inside... 

One means to assess the relative contributions of the various sources of sulfur to the atmosphere is through the use of sulfur isotope ratios (12-16). Isotopic ratios may be used as source tracers if 1) the isotopic composition of the sources as they enter the atmosphere are known, 2) the isotopic compositions of the various sources are different from one another, and 3) the isotopic changes that occur during biological, physical and/or chemical transformations are understood. Presently, isotopic data for sulfur compounds in the remote atmosphere (Table I) are limited. However, collection and analytical techniques are now available to make isotopic measurements of the critical species. In the text that follows, various aspects of sulfur isotope chemistry will be discussed. 

Summary of Non-Marine Sulfur Emissions. S S values for continental sources of atmospheric sulfur dioxide vary, ranging between -32 and +10 0/00. This makes it difficult to use sulfur isotope ratios to distinguish sulfate from these individual sources. It appears that the f S value for marine biogenic sulfur is much more enriched in the heavier isotope than sulfur from continental origins. Therfore, it should be possible to isotopically distinguish between marine biogenic and continentally-derived sulfur. 

Figure 5 Variation of sulfur isotope ratios with H/C ratios in original and residual kerogens during pyrolysis.

Figure 6 Variation of sulfur isotope ratios of parent and...

In the present work, twenty-seven of these oils were separately analyzed for sulfur content and sulfur isotope ratio (Parr Instrument Company bomb. Sulfate in washings from the bomb were precipitated with Ba2+. The BaSOA precipitate served for gravimetric determination of the S-content conversion to S02 for mass spectrometry (4). The 3AS/32S abundance ratios are presented in the usual 63AS notation. 

Sulfur is relatively undepleted by condensation into interstellar grains, so that its isotopic composition has been partly measured by radioastronomers, who detect emission lines from the molecule CS in the interstellar medium. By comparing rotational transition lines from 13C34S with those from 12C33S it has been found that the sulfur isotopic ratio in the interstellar gas is 34S/33S = 6.3 l, which is in reasonable agreement with the value 5.5 in the solar system. One will certainly hope to check this with measurements of S isotopes in interstellar grains that today drift into the solar system and that can be captured by NASA s STARDUST mission. 

The connection between weathering, evaporation, bacterial activity in marine sediments in shallow water areas and stable sulfur isotope distribution was studied by Holser and Kaplan (1966), Nielsen and Ricke (1969), Nielsen (1968), and Eremenko and Pankina (1972). The sulfur isotope ratios of evaporite sulfates show enrichment of 34S in the Devonian deposits (5 +23 °/oo), a pronounced dip in the Permian ( 5 +12 °/oo), values of +20 °/oo in the Triassic, a fall (+17 to +15 °/oo) in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, stabilizing in the Tertiary to the Recent value of +20 °/oo. 

FIGURE 5.6 The variation with altitude of SO and SO2 abundance and delta values for the same conditions as in Figure 5.5. (a) Volume fraction (or mixing ratio) of 50, S02 and the initial versus altitude, (b) Delta-values relative to initial SO2 sulfur isotope ratios. 

Fuller R. D., Mitchell M. J., Krouse H. R., Syskowski B. J., and Driscoll C. T. (1986) Stable sulfur isotope ratios as a tool for interpreting ecosystem sulfur dynamics. Water Air Soil Pollut. 28, 163-171. 

Petsch and Berner (1998) expanded the model of Van Cappellen and Ingall (1996) to include the sulfur system, as well as carbon and sulfur isotope effects. This study examined the response of the C-S-O-Fe-P system, and in particular carbon and sulfur isotope ratios, to perturbation in global ocean overturn rates, changes in continental... 

Vengosh et ai, 1994). The anthropogenic sulfate is also isotopically distinguished, as indicated by the pollution of the Arno River in northern Tuscany with a distinctive sulfur isotopic ratio = 6-8%c Cortecci et al, 2002). 

Schwarcz, H.P. and Burnie, S.W., 1973. Influence of sedimentary environments on sulfur isotope ratios in clastic rocks a review. Miner. Deposita, 8 264—277. 

Calhoun, J.A. Bates, T.S. (1989) Sulfur isotope ratios. Tracers of nonsea-salt sulfur in the remote atmosphere. In Saltzman E.S. Cooper W.J. (Eds) Biogenic Sulphur in the Environment. Washington, DC American Chemical Society, pp. 369-379. 

Mason P. R. D., Kaspers K. and van Bergen M. J. (1999) Determination of sulfur isotope ratios and concentrations in water samples using ICP-MS incorporating hexapole ion optics, J Anal At Spectrom 14 1067-1074. 

Gaffney J.S., Premuzic E.T., Manowitz B. (1980) On the usefulness of sulfur isotope ratios in crude oil correlations. Geochim. Cosmochim.Acta 44, 135—9. 

Thode H.G. (1981) Sulfur isotope ratios in petroleum research and exploration Williston Basin. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull. 65, 1527-35. 

Orr W. L. (1984a) Sulfur and sulfur isotope ratios in Monterey oils of the Santa Maria basin and Santa Barbara channel, area offshore. Technical Program Abstracts, 1984 SEPM Annual Meeting, San Jose, California, 10-13, 62 pp. 

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