Parr Instrument Company

Fig. A3.9. Low-pressure hydrogenation apparatus (Parr Instrument Company).

Parr Instrument Company, 211 Fifty-third Street, Moline, Illinois 61265-9984, USA. The address of the web site is www.parinst.com. 

Figure 11.31 Photograph of a sixfold autoclave bench developed by Parr Instrument Company (www.par-rinst.com). The apparatus was built in 1988, similar technologies that Parr commercialized in the early 1990s were already fully computer controlled.

Decomposition in closed Teflon vessels at high pressure (up to 85 bar) with microwave heating. (Microwave Acid Digestion Bomb, Parr Instrument Company, USA.)... 

Petrin pentaerythritol trinitrate PIC Parr Instrument Company, Moline... 

In the present work, twenty-seven of these oils were separately analyzed for sulfur content and sulfur isotope ratio (gravimetric determination of the S-content conversion to S02 for mass spectrometry (4). The 3AS/32S abundance ratios are presented in the usual 63AS notation. 

Suitable equipment may be obtained from the American Instrument Company, Silver Spring, Maryland, and the Parr Instrument Company, Moline, Illinois. 

Phenolysis Reaction Procedure. To explore the concept of phenolation, mixtures of a commercial spray-dried softwood ammonium lignin sulfonate (10 g, Orzan A, 60% ammonium lignin sulfonate (MW0 = 228), 28% sugars, 6.2% sulfur, 2.5% ash, ITT-Rayonier, Shelton, Washington available in bulk at 17 cents a pound (<9) and commercial grade phenol (15 mL, Reichhold Chemicals Inc., Tacoma, Washington) contained in small pressure bombs (30 mL, Parr Instrument Company, Moline, Illinois) were heated by suspension in a hydraulic... 

As a prelude to the design of the tube reactor (10), a kinetic study of the phenolysis procedure as a function of temperature was carried out on a larger scale. The equipment used was a stainless steel pressure reactor (Model 4501, Parr Instrument Company, Moline, Illinois). This reactor is fitted with an internal stirrer, an external electric heater, and a continuous sampling device. A mixture of the commercial ammonium lignin sulfonate (668 g) and molten phenol (1000 mL) was sealed into the reactor and heated to the designated temperatures. Approximately 3 hours were needed to heat the reactor from room temperature to 200 °C. A similar period of time was required to cool the reactor and its contents back to 22 °C after completion of a run. After a reaction period nominally lasting 2 hours, the unreacted phenol was steam distilled from the reaction mixture and the amount measured by comparative UV spectroscopy. The results obtained and summarized in Table IV show that a substantial amount of phenol becomes chemically combined with the renewable resource feedstock. 

FIGURE 10.2 Left two different contact configurations between the support and the synthesis gel during hydrothermal synthesis. Right Commercial autoclave from Parr Instrument Company (http /www.parrinst.com/). 

Parr Bomb Dissolution of Shales. Originally the acid digestion bomb was developed by Bernas (14) for the dissolution of silicate matrices. An adaptation of this bomb is now marketed by Parr Instrument Company of Moline, Illinois. The dissolution procedure has been adapted to shales and was described in the Experimental Section. 

Analytical Methods for Oxygen Bombs, Parr Manual No.207M, Parr Instrument Company, Moline, IL, USA. 

The Parr Instrument company manufactures combustion bombs, calorimeters, chemical reactors (including tubular and CSTRs), pressure vessels, and related equipment developed specifically for laboratory use. 

Parr Instrument Company (2007) http //www.parrinsLcom, last visited 30 Mar 2007... 

Parr Instrument Company). The bomb was placed in a microwave oven and subjected to the desired radiation power level for the appropriate time interval. The bomb was then cooled in a cold water bath. After the solution had reached room temperature it was filtered thru a 0.45 micron filter. The solution was then ion exchanged by adding ion exchange resin and filtered again thru a 0.45 micron filter. A sample of filtrate (100 ul.) was then chromatographed by SEC. 

Parr Instrument Company. Series 4550 Floor Stand Reactors, 1 2 L. http //www. parrinst.com/products/stirred-reactors/series-4550-floor-stand-reactors/ (accessed March 30, 2011). 

Fusion reactions were carried out in 25-mm o.d. by 14-mm Hastelloy crucibles (Parr Instrument Company). A quartz reaction tube, constructed as shown in Figure 88, was used to contain the fusion crucible. The 38-mm tube section was flattened to provide a surface to support the crucible. A 18/7 ball joint ball was provided at the end of the tube for connection to a glass trap or gas bag. The overall dead volume of the tube was approximately 190 ml. 

Fig. 1.17 Batch reactors (A) glass, (B) high pressure, and (C) in parallel mode. (From http-// www.parrin5t.eom/wp-content/uploads/20n/03/MRS-5000 burettes.Jpg. Parr Instrument Company).

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