Sulfonic carboxylic acid

Finally, since besides the inductive effect of the sulfoxide and the sulfone functional groups, hydrogen bonding, field effects and steric effects to solvation may or may not work in the same direction, the pK values can be useful in assigning configurations of suitable pairs of stereoisomeric sulfoxide and sulfone carboxylic acids ... 

Oxidation of sulfur-containing compounds. A new procedure for oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides uses r-BuOOH in aqueous H2SO4 at ambient temperature (95-100% yield). Interestingly, 4-(methylthio)benzaldehyde is oxidized to the sulfone carboxylic acid in 0.5M NaOH at 70°C, but in the presence of cetyltrimethylammo-nium sulfate (and IM NaOH) at room temperature the sulfide remains untouched. ... 

The combination of ESI-MS with electrochemically modulated liquid chromatography (EMLC) has been described [848]. In EMLC, an electrically conductive phase (e.g. porous carbon) is used as the stationary phase in an LC instrument. By modulating the electrode potential of this phase the retention of analytes is altered. Reported applications mainly involved separation of complex mixtures of organic compounds, including aromatic sulfonates, carboxylic acids, dansylated amino acids, corticosteroids, benzodiazepines and inorganic and metal ions. 

Because PVA is not a proton-conducting polymer it should be sulfonated using different sulfonic-carboxylic acids forming crosslinked polymers, as shown in Fig. 6.6 [180]. 

Ion exchange Cations sulfonic carboxylic acid Anions functionalized amines Aqueous buffer, (may contain organic solvent) Metal ions, halides, oxyanions, transistion metals... 

Chem. Descrip. Complex sulfonated carboxylic acid, neutral salt Ionic Nature Anionic... 

Chem. Descrip. Mixt. of n-alkyl benzene sulfonate, carboxylic acid polyglycol esters, and alkyl polyglycol ethers Ionic Nature Anionic/nonionic... 

Fig. 21. Representative nonionic photoacid generators. A variety of photochemical mechanisms for acid production ate represented. In each case a sulfonic acid derivative is produced (25,56,58—60). (a) PAG that generates acid via 0-nitrobenzyl rearrangement (b) PAG that generates acid via electron transfer with phenohc matrix (c) PAG that is active at long wavelengths via electron-transfer sensitization (d) PAG that generates both carboxylic acid and...

Phthalocyanine sulfonic acids, which can be used as direct cotton dyes (1), are obtained by heating the metal phthalocyanines in oleum. One to four sulfo groups can be introduced in the 4-position by varying concentration, temperature, and reaction time (103). Sulfonyl chlorides, which are important intermediates, can be prepared from chlorosulfonic acid and phthalocyanines (104). The positions of the sulfonyl chloride groups are the same as those of the sulfonic acids (103). Other derivatives, eg, chlormethylphthalocyanines (105—107), / /f-butyl (108—111), amino (112), ethers (109,110,113—116), thioethers (117,118), carboxyl acids (119—122), esters (123), cyanides (112,124—127), and nitrocompounds (126), can be synthesized. 

The process by which a solubility differential between exposed and unexposed areas occurs is well known (74). Photodegradation products of the naphthoquinone diazide sensitizer, eg, a l,2-naphthoquinonediazide-5-sulfonic acid ester (11), where Ar is an aryl group, to an indene carboxylic acid confers much increased solubility in aqueous alkaline developer solutions. 

Penam Sulfone B-Lactamase Inhibitors. Natural product discoveries stimulated the rational design of p-lactamase inhibitors based on the readily accessible penicillin nucleus. An early success was penicillanic acid sulfone, (2(5)-cis)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4,4-dioxide-4-thia-l-a2abicyclo [3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid [68373-14-8] (sulbactam) (25, R = = H, R" = R" = CH ), CgH NO S. The synthesis (118), microbiology (119—121),... 

There are at least eight syntheses of orotic acid in the literature. The most practical in the laboratory is that involving the condensation of diethyl oxalacetate (972) with S-methylthiourea to give 2-methylthio-6-oxo-l,6-dihydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid (973) which undergoes either direct acidic hydrolysis or a less smelly oxidative hydrolysis, via the unisolated sulfone (974), to afford orotic acid (971) (B-68MI21303). 

In the photolysis of difiuorodiazirine (218) a singlet carbene was also observed (65JA758). Reactions of the difiuorocarbene were especially studied with partners which are too reactive to be used in the presence of conventional carbene precursors, such as molecular chlorine and iodine, dinitrogen tetroxide, nitryl chloride, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids. Thus chlorine, trifiuoroacetic acid and trifiuoromethanesulfonic acid reacted with difiuorodiazirine under the conditions of its photolysis to form compounds (237)-(239) (64JHC233). 

However, certain additives can decrease the rate of thermal decomposition [28]. These additives include cyclic sulfates, sulfones, sultones, aliphatic and aromatic anhydrides, and polymers with pendant carboxylic acid functional groups. Most of these materials are latent acids, which decompose on heating in the presence of moisture to form a strong acid, as shown for cyclic sulfate, 9, in Eq. 5. 

Organic Sulfonic Acids — (RSOjH) are generally stronger acids than organic carboxylic acids. 

Production and Uses of Aliphatic Compounds II Ether, Epoxide and Pnlyeiher, Carboxylic Acids and Their Denvatives, Sulfonic Acids, Toxicological Data of Aliphatic Fluorine Compounds (Ger) Liebig, H, Ulm, K Chem Ztg 100 3-14 270... 

Finally, certain 3-substituted compounds can be prepared by utilizing the - meta) directing powet (cf. Section IV,B) of some groups in the 2-position which afterward can be removed. 3-Nitrothiophene is prepared by nitration of 2-thiophenesulfonyl chloride and by removal of the sulfonic acid group of the 4-nitro-2-sulfonyl chloride formed with superheated steam. Another approach to 3-nitrothio-phene is to nitrate 2-cyanothiophene, separate the 4-nitro-2-cyano-thiophene from the 5-isomer, hydrolyze, and decarboxylate. A final method of preparation of 3-nitrothiophene is by simultaneous de-bromination and decarboxylation of 5-bromo-4-nitro-2-thiophene-carboxylic acid obtained through the nitration of methyl 5-bromo-2-thiophenecarboxylate. 

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