Suicide bombers

Maybe we ask post-9/11 -related questions because of who we are, what we are, and what we are not. That is, because we are Americans we are free, uninhibited thinkers who think what we say and say what we think—isn t America great Most Americans are soft-hearted and sympathetic to those in need—compassion is the very nature and soul of being American. Americans are not born terrorists they are not born into a terrorist regime they are not raised with fear in their hearts—they are not afraid every time they leave their homes and go about their daily business. Suicide bombers and other like terrorists are those that occupy some other faraway place, definitely not America, and they are definitely not American. Right ... 

First suicide bomber. National Airlines demands for baggage inspection... 

Those who believe in Quantum Immortality say that the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics implies that a conscious being can live forever. The cancer you have will not kill you. Your fatal car accident ten years from now will never take place. The theory also means that suicide bombers continue to exist, even after their backpacks explode. The strange logic for quantum immortality becomes clear in the following paragraph. 

Recently, the topic of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) has garnered a lot of attention. IEDs may take the form of roadside bombs, suicide bombers, or vehicle-borne bombs. Roadside bombs share some detection issues with land mines, and in principle, the NQR land mine detectors discussed in the previous section can be used to detect roadside IEDs. However, many IEDs are remotely controlled, and the short standoff distance available with NQR makes IED detection dangerous for the NQR operator. The personnel screening devices already discussed in Section 5.2.3. are applicable to the suicide bomber. 

Figure 17 shows a potential application of the MLP to the analysis of a multifrequency, reflective interferometric THz image of a suicide bomber. Each pixel, or group of pixels such as a row, is analyzed using a trained MLP. The resulting false-color image would indicate to an operator the presence of an explosive. 

In Israel, a series of suicide bombers attacks in buses, nightclubs, markets, and restaurants has shown the need for detecting explosives from a distance. 

Triacetone triperoxide (TATP, Fig. 1.14) is formed from acetone in sulfuric acid solution when acted upon by 45 % (or lower concentration) hydrogen peroxide (the acid acts as a catalyst). Like most other organic peroxides TATP has a very high impact (0.3 J), friction (0.1 N) and thermal sensitivity. TATP has the characteristics of a primary explosive. For this reason and because of its tendency to sublime (high volatility) it is not used in practice (apart from terrorist and suicide bomber activities). 

Braveman I, Wexler D, Oren M (2002). A novel mode of infection with hepatitis B Penetrating bone fragments due to the explosion of a suicide bomber. Isr. Med. Assoc. J. 4 528-529. 

MacKenzie D (2002). Suicide Bombers May Spread Disease. Available http //www. newscientist.com/article.ns id=dn2588. 

London Bombings (7 July 2005) Public Transit (Road and Rail) The 7 July 2005 London bombings were a series of coordinated terrorist bomb blasts that hit London s public transport system during the morning rush hour. Three bombs exploded on three London underground trains while a fourth bomb exploded on a bus. The bombings killed 52 commuters and the four suicide bombers, injured 700, and oaused a severe daylong disruption of the city s transport and mobile telecommunications infrastruoture. 

However, as means and methods continue to change, and more civilians and irregulars participate in armed conflicts, the law may be seen as out of step with the situations it seeks to regulate. The challenge for all those who teach, discuss, debate, aud apply the laws of armed conflict is clear how can laws that have their genesis in the time of cavalry and bayonets adapt to deal with drones, cyberattacks, autonomous weaponry, and suicide bombers These questions and the issues they raise is something that is of interest to all those involved in the implementation and development of the law of armed conflict, and will no doubt set the stage for practitioners and academics for the next 100 years. 

Portals for explosive detection should be like those used for metal detection screen people rapidly and with minimal intrusiveness as they pass through a portal. " Portals have the capability to draw an air sample from a person s whole body, preconcentrate the vapors, and perform an analysis by IMS within a few seconds. Portals may also employ jets of air and gentle physical contact to detach particles, trap them on a filter, and thus enhance the sensitivity of the detector. In principle, a security checkpoint with such a portal could be designed to lock and trap a would-be bomber and limit the damage that may be inflicted by a suicide bomber. 

The suicide bomber is usually given the device and briefly trained in its use shortly before employment. The device wiU use a battery with a push button or... 

Anytime you suspect a person of having a bomb on his or her person, you should immediately leave the area and notify law enforcement. Taking such a person into custody is very dangerous, because if the person is conscious and able, he or she will try to detonate the device. For this reason some law enforcement personnel have been instructed to shoot the suspected bomber in the head. This is a desperate measure and can lead to the shooting of an innocent person. The killing of a person mistakenly suspected of being a suicide bomber after the London subway attacks in 2005 is an example of the danger of this policy. 

The 2002 bombing on the Indonesian island of Bali is an example of a suicide bombing followed by an ambush of rescuers. The initial bomb was in a backpack carried by a suicide bomber who detonated it in a crowded hotel bar. Later, as victims, hotel occu-... 

Would warfighters be able to "fight through operations that use conventional agents (for example, persistent nerve agents) deployed in conventional w ays In innovative ways (for example, on suicide bombers) With unconventional agents ... 

Is there potential for adversaries to create chemical and biological weapons that are as effective as lEDs and suicide bombers If so, why have they not already been tried The answer to the first question is certainly "Yes to the second, the answer is We don t know. One of the characteristics that have made lEDs so attractive is that explosives of many sorts are readily available during a time of war. A powerful force is familiarity and habit, and if an innovator experimenting with chemical or biological weapons could prove them successful (where success would not necessarily be measured in people killed), the technology is readily available for broader use. 

Innovation in Chemical Weapons. There has been little innovation by insurgents or terrorists in the development of chemical weapons, but that fact should be only cold comfort. Explosives are more familiar, and weapons based on explosives (lEDs, EFPs, suicide bombers), have been effective, very cost effective and innovative.. Chemical weapons (even simple one) provide an unfamiliar and somewhat more difficult technical barrier to entry, but when this barrier is breached, there is great potential for development of effective, targeted uses. (This area would benefit from imaginative red-team development/thinking on the part of the US, to avoid strategic surprise.)... 

Naughton, P. (2005) TATP is suicide bombers weapon of choice. Time, July 15. http //www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/ news/uk/article544334.ece (accessed July 13,2010). 

One of the most elusive explosives in postexplosion analysis is TATP. Used in many terrorist attacks, sometimes in large quantities by suicide bombers in public buses or crowded markets, it nevertheless was not identified in the debris (its presence was later learned from intelligence sources). A probable reason for the failure to identify TATP may be its high volatility. This was supported by an experiment in which TATP was allowed to explode and its residues were analyzed by GC-MS. Successful identification was achieved only if the extraction was carried out immediately after the blast [52]. Therefore, sampling techniques other than classical extraction were tried [53] direct analysis of the explosive vapors ( headspace ) and adsorption of the vapors on solid adsorbents. 

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