Subcutaneous Fat necrosis

Subcutaneous fat necrosis in a neonate has been attributed to maternal use of amlodipine during pregnancy (17). 

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is relatively uncommon. It is said to be benign and painless and to resolve within a few weeks. However, in this case it was extremely painful and was relieved only by opiates. The skin changes persisted beyond the age of 6 months and remained extremely symptomatic until the age of 9 months, when the skin had become normal. Calcium abnormahties have often been reported in association with subcutaneous fat necrosis, and exposure to amlodipine during pregnancy may have resulted in impairment of enzyme systems dependent on calcium fluxes for their action it may also have affected calcium homeostasis in the neonate. Since previous reports of teratogenicity in animals have been published, few women take calcium channel blockers during... 

Rosbotham JL, Johnson A, Haque KN, Holden CA. Painful subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn associated with intra-partum use of a calcium channel blocker. Clin Exp Dermatol 1998 23(1) 19-21. 

A reaction like lupus pernio, with purple discoloration, swelling, red papules, and desquamation of the distal parts of several toes, which resolved after drug suspension and recurred after resumption, has been observed (42), as have subcutaneous fat necrosis (SEDA-11, 92), and fixed drug reaction (SEDA-12, 84). 

Neonates with subcutaneous fat necrosis can have transient hypersensitivity to vitamin D (61). There is a relation between the syndrome known as infantile idiopathic hypercalcemia and vitamin D intake and/or vitamin D metabolism (26). 

Wehinger H. Spatrachitis nach Vitamin-D-Uberempfindhchkeit bei Adiponekrosis subcutanea in der Neugeborenenperiode. [Vitamin D deficiency rickets after vitamin D hypersensitivity with subcutaneous fat necrosis in the newborn period.] Z Kinderheilkd 1969 107(l) 42-52. 

Primary hyperparathyroidism, although the most frequent cause of hypercalcemic hypercalciuria in adults, is very rare in children (Fig. 20.6) (Damiani et al. 1998). NC and nephrolithiasis due to subcutaneous fat necrosis with hypercalcemia are described in neonates (Fig. 20.10) (Gu et al. 

Fig. 20.10a,b. Boy with subcutaneous fat necrosis, a Sonogram of right kidney at 2 months, b Sonogram of right kidney at 2 years, still showing medullary nephrocalcinosis... 

A pressure sore is a chronic wound that results from continuous pressure on the tissue overlying a bony prominence. This pressure impedes blood flow to the dermis and subcutaneous fat, resulting in tissue damage and necrosis.37,38... 

The breast is a complex organ composed of skin, subcutaneous tissue, fatty tissue, and branching ductal and glandular structures. Various diseases that affect these structures can produce a palpable mass. In addition, the physiologic changes associated with the menstrual cycle can cause abnormalities of the breast that produce a three-dimensional mass. The most common causes of breast masses in young women are fibroadenoma, fibrocystic disease, carcinoma, and fat necrosis. 

Skin Asymptomatic subcutaneous nodules have frequently been reported and local inflammation demonstrated. Extensive fat necrosis at injection sites has been attributed to subcutaneous extended-release lameo-tide [73 ]. 

An 80-year-old woman with acromegaly developed extensive fat necrosis in both buttocks after three deep subcutaneous doses of lameo-tide 60 mg extended release. The lesions first became apparent about 4 months after the first injection and developed over several months. There was central necrosis with surrounding inflammatory tissue. The CRP concentration and white cell count were normal and bacterial cultures were negative. Once the lesions were clearly demarcated they were excised. 

Chick edema disease became a serious economic problem by the mid-1950s, by which time millions of broilers had succumbed to it in the U.S. The problem was traced to toxic components in the unsaponifiable fraction of certain low cost feed fats Introduced into the chick diet to increase the caloric intake (ref. 121c). Symptoms included fluid in the heart sack and abdominal cavity, subcutaneous edema and liver necrosis. Injection of purified chick edema factor into fertile eggs resulted in lower hatch yield, embryonic deformities and edema. Unhatched embryos exhibited a variety of defects (malformed beaks, leg deformities, no development of the right mesencephalon, and eye defects). Hatched embryos were growth-retarded, with sparse and defective feathers. The isolated toxin was ultimately identified as 1.2,3,7.8,9-... 

---