Styrax species

Vanillin is found in Styrax species, in clove oil, and in the flowers of black salsify (Scorzonera), Spiraea and potato. In addition, various foodstuffs, such as milk, wine and rice wine contain vanillin. The smell of old, yellowed paper with a high wood content can be attributed to this compound as well. It is also found in smaller concentrations in the woody part of many plants. Vanillin is found in tobacco to a considerable extent, and it is also contained in the bark of the Pon-derosa pine (Pinus ponderosa). [136] Moreover, male bugs of the species Eury-gaster integriceps secrete vanillin as an attractant. [137] The most important vanilla plant is the climbing orchid. Vanilla planifolia, the fruits of which are harvested nine months before ripeness (Fig. 3.32). 

Definition Balsamic resin obtained from various Styrax species... 

Benzoin is the balsamic resin obtained from the bark of various Styrax spp. Styrax benzoin Dryand and 5. paralleloneurum Perkins yield Sumatra benzoin 5. tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib ex Hartwich and other related Styrax species yield Siam benzoin. 

Benzoe resin (also known as benzoin) comes from Styrax spp. (Styraceae family). In the Sty rax genus the only species that occurs in the Mediterranean is Styrax officinalis, so this was probably the source of the resin in ancient times in that area. Benzoe mainly contains free cinnamic and benzoic acids, and their corresponding esters with cinnamyl, p-coumaryl and coniferyl alcohols. The amounts of these compounds are quite variable and depend on which species the resin was obtained from [129]. 

In this study, positive tests were obtained on four species Hale-sia monlicolu, Styrax latifolium, S. serrulatum, S. suberifolium. 

Benzoin A balsamic resin obtained from Styrax benzoin and from other species of Styrax. It appears commercially as hard, brittle tears or masses having a fragrant odor and slightly aromatic taste, and Is used in making benzoic acid, as a stimulant and expectorant, and as a perfume and incense. Called also gum benzoin benjamin, gum benjamin asa dulcls. 

Gum Benzoin. Resin benzoin resin benjamin gum benjamin. Balsamic resin from Styrax benzoin Dryand., known as Sumatra benzoin, or from S. tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib, Styracaceae, or other species of Styrax known as Siam benzoin. Habit. Thailand, Cambodia, S. Vietnam, Sumatra, Java, and Sunda Islands. Constit. Ethereal oil, free and combined benzoic and cinnamic acids up to 39%, vanillin, coniferyl benzoate, resin (a mixture of benzoresino] and ben-zoresinotannol) ester fled with benzoic acid, styrol, styradn. Not less than 90% of Siam and not less than 75% of Sumatra benzoic is sol in ale (U.S.F.), Ref Reinitzer, Arch. Pharm. 264, 131 (1926) Brans, Pharm. Weekbl. 73, 374 (1936) Freudenberg, Bittner, Ber. 83, 600 (1950). 

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