Street sweeping

Special wastes. Wastes such as street sweepings, roadside litter, catch-basin debris, dead animals, and abandoned vehicles are classified as special wastes. 

Employ street sweeping or vacnnming of paved process areas to reduce solids to the sewers. 

In the Staffordshire potteries the k3n ia of more moderate dimensions and the fires not bung placed in vaults underneath the body of the kiln, are in genorol protected from the set of the wiud by a well about six feet high surrounding the kiln, and placed at a convenient distance to allow space for the proper regulation of the fires. After the oven is filled, the doorways are built up with bricks daubed over with street-sweep mgs or clay as a luting and the fires, after kindling, are burned slowly for the first five hours, after VOL, II. 

Amato F, Querol X, Johansson C, Nagl C, Alastuey A (2010) A review on the effectiveness of street sweeping, washing and dust suppressants as urban PM control methods. Sci Total Environ 408(16) 3070-3084... 

Gertler A, Kuhns H, Abu-Allaban M, Damm CR, Gillies J, Etyemezian V, Clayton R, Proffitt D (2006) A case study of the impact of winter road sand/salt and street sweeping on road dust re-entrainment. Atmos Environ 40 5976-5985... 

Heavy metal contamination in soils have been discovered in urban areas [ 17 ], urban sediments, street sweepings [ 18 ], and along roadsides [ 19, 20 ]. Miller and Me Fee [21 ], working on the urban soils of industrial Northwe.stem Indiana found that metal contents in soil decreases with soil depth. They also found the total Ph concentrations at 5 different loeations ranges from 64 Jig g to 401 fig g. The Pb values in Table 2 for Kuala Lumpur soils clearly indicates much higher concentrations overall. Among the metals studied, Pb was the most... 

Solid wastes all discarded household, commercial wastes, non-hazardous institutional and industrial wastes, street sweepings, construction debris, agricultiual wastes, and other non-hazardous/non-toxic solid wastes. 

R. Brinkmann and A. Tobin, Urban Sediment Removal Science and Management of Street Sweeping, Kluwer, Dordrecht. 

Construction of a Mock-up. A mock-up is a static test structure which accurately represents the spatial arrangement of the proposed design. The mock-up does not need to be functional displays may be drawn on cardboard and controls may be made from wood or other easily worked materials. The mock-up is used to test the spatial arrangement for example, to make sure that all displays and controls lie within the field of vision and the reach envelope, respectively. The advantage of a mock-up is that problems as well as appropriate solutions may become evident, which would not be detected if the examination was limited to drawings or other documents. Figure 6.68 shows the mock-up of the cab of a street sweeping vehicle which was built for the optimization of the driver s seat and vision. 

The workplace cab of a street sweeping vehicle has a number of special problems associated with it. These include the problem of sweeping while driving in the midst of traffic as well as the unfavorable environmental conditions of noise, dust, and external weather. When reversing, the limited visibility from the cab presents a particularly important safety problem. 

Figure 6.77 shows the distribution of the driver s lines of sight in two examined types of street sweeping vehicle. It can be seen that the observation of the circular brush in sweeping vehicles with a truck chassis takes up more than twice as much time as with the three-wheeled type of sweeping vehicle. This is attributable to the fact that on the conventional type of vehicle the circular brush is positioned behind the driver s cab and is observed either in the outside mirror or through the window (see Figure 6.78), On the three-wheeled vehicle the circular brish is arranged in front of the cab and can be observed easily and directly through a special...

Figure 6.77 Distribution of driver s lines of sight in two street sweeping machines.

Figure 6.78 Street sweeping vehicle with truck chassis and standard manufacture track cab (Kuka type 246. The illustration shows a prototype from the Berlin Sanitation Department equipped with air conditioning and television cameras.

For the development of a new street sweeping vehicle a mock-up was built (see Section 6.3.2). By means of this mock-up the spatial arrangement of the cab s interior and the visibility could be optimized. 

Figure 6.79 Three-wheeled street sweeping vehicle with specially constructed cab...

Figure 6.80 Interaction of the most important factors within the problem complex street sweeping vehicle cab. ...

A large part of the lead deposited in the street surface from vehicle exhausts becomes incorporated in the street dust. It is then transported during a runoff event as a suspended solid. Street sweeping, often vacuum assisted, removes solids from the street surface and thus reduces the lead available for runoff. There remains, nevertheless, the problem of disposal of the contaminated street dust. 

Plan B Plan A + sewer flushing + street sweeping. 

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