Strategic considerations

In this brief closing chapter we take a step backward from the knobs and the tubes and the equations to develop a few general thoughts on the nitty-gritty of how to approach a research problem in biomolecular EPR spectroscopy. 

Feedstock or primary energy source Central plant (10801H2 daily) Mid-sized plant (21.6 t H2 daily) Distributed plant (0.43 tH2 daily) 

Natural gas Steam reforming Steam reforming Steam reforming 

Coal Nuclear energy Biomass Solar photovoltaics Wind Grid-based electricity Gasifier Thermal splitting of water Gasifier Electrolysis Electrolysis Electrolysis 

A further factor has to be considered, namely, the purity of the hydrogen. As a fuel for internal combustion engines, purity is not a prime consideration and hydrogen from almost any source will be suitable, provided that sulfur is removed. With low-temperature types of fuel cell, however, purity is a critical parameter since the electrocatalysts are subject to poisoning by many contaminants, several of which are found in fossil fuels see Section 6.3, Chapter 6. In this regard, hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water is much purer and may prove to be the preferred source for this application, despite its higher cost. 

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Adamson GW, Cowell J, Lynch MF, McLure AHW, Town WG, Yapp AM. Strategic considerations in the design of screening systems for substructure searches of chemical structure files. J Chem Docum 1973 13 153-7. 

Synthetic fuels may attract local government subsidies or sell at a premium because they offset imports and improve the country s balance of payments. Furthermore, strategic considerations related to energy security may play an important role in promoting investment in synthetic fuels production. 

Reliability Has to be guaranteed by statistical tests, available low-cost sensors have to be protected in order to meet the requirements, many years of experience and data available Logistics/strategic considerations No extra protection necessary, inbuilt media separation and device design for high stability and reliability possible... 

Comprehensive reviews of the chemistry of both the glycals [105-107] and anhydro sugars [108,109] have appeared in the recent literature. This chapter will attempt to summarize what is known about their preparation and reactivity in the formation of the glycosidic linkage and highlight recent examples to emphasize practical and strategic considerations in the choice of glycosyl donors. 

Adamson, George W., Jeanne Cowell, Michael F. Lynch, Alice H. W. McLure, William G. Town, and Margaret A. Yapp, "Strategic Considerations in the Design of a Screening System for Substructure Searches of Chemical Structure Files," Journal of Chemical Documentation, 13(3), 153-157 (1973). 

Operational urgency and strategic considerations should never be considered as sole reasons for ERP harmonization - it is too risky and too expensive ... 

This chapter considers the specific physicochemical considerations of various chromatographic modes and provides strategic considerations in HPLC separations as well as heuristic approaches and productivity considerations in scale-up operations. 

The purpose of this chapter is to delineate strategic considerations and provide practical procedures to enable non-experts to synthesize peptides with a reasonable chance of success. This chapter focuses on Fmoc chemistry, which is now the most commonly employed strategy for solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Protocols for the synthesis of fully deprotected peptides are presented, together with a review of linkers and supports currently employed for SPPS. The principles and the different steps of SPPS (anchoring, deprotection, coupling reaction, and cleavage) are all discussed, along with their possible side reactions. 

Strategic considerations favour the development of energy sources that offer greater sustainability and have less impact on health and the environment. Nuclear fusion, for which the fuel source is virtually limitless in quantity, could in the long term be an important option in this energy mix. 

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