Storm energy

Deviations of observed water levels from predicted tidal heights ( residuals, AA) at New Haven (NH), New London (NL), and Newport (Np) were calculated for an eight-week period starting in mid-December 1972 by a regression method using 18 tidal constituents. Additional water level residuals were supplied to us by J. laniello (personal communication, 

1975) for the days of the storm of 15-16 December. Two current meters set 2 m above the bottom and located 3 km apart were in operation at D and S in Fig. 2 nearly on section A-B, throughout the study period. These meters were in water sufficiently deep to be unaffected by waves at the water surface. The recorded velocities were resolved into E-W (hJ and N-S Uy) components. Each of these components was then divided into mean, tidal, and fluctuating parts with the aid of the regression analysis. Wind data are available from the U. S. National Weather Service station on Stratford Point, from several Coast Guard Stations around the Sound, and, in more detail, from a weather tower at a power plant adjacent to New Haven Harbor. The locations of all observing stations are shown in Fig. 1. 

The residual water levels at NH, NL, and Np, the residual currents (the sum of the mean and fluctuating components), and the square of the E-W and N-S components of the wind speed measured at Stratford (assumed proportional to the components of the wind stress on the water surface, ay) are shown for the period of the storm in Fig. 4. The water levels at NH, NL, and Np rise while the wind has a strong easterly component the subsequent fall in level begins when a reverses. The times of the maximum and zero Alt for these three water level stations are nearly 

The time required for a shallow-water wave to travel from Newport to New Haven is about 2.5 hr, from New London to New Haven, about 1.3 hr. Since the greatest Ah occurs earlier at New Haven than at New London, the rise in water level in LIS is not a surge advancing as a progressive wave from the sea. Evidence of a storm surge in LIS is found only for very intense, rapidly moving storm systems, such as the 1938 hurricane (Redfield and Miller, 1957). 

BIS and the Atlantic Ocean. When the alongshore component of the wind reverses direction, the excess water level begins to fall and, as the intensity of the west wind increases, the surface slope both inside and outside the two Sounds reverses. An outward net flow of water from LIS is then indicated by the current meters. The mean tidal prism of LIS is 5.47 X 10 m The greatest excess volume of water in the Sound during the 15-16 December storm is 3.4 x 10 m or 62% of the mean tidal prism. The potential energy of the excess water at maximum bh is 18 x 10 MJ the potential energy at the top of the tidal oscillation of mean range is 

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January 15. United States and allied countries launch Operation Desert Storm against Iraq, a military operation characterized by some as an energy war. ... 

D. C. Storm, D.R. Determination of the free-energy coupling for binding of calcium ion and troponin I to calmodulin. Biochemistry 1982, 21, 156-162. 

X-Ray Absorption Data. The x-ray absorption data shown in Figure 2 were obtained using a computer program based on the mass absorption coefficients, y, total energy, as found in the paper of Storm and Israel (1 ) and using the fundamental absorption equation for x-rays (II). 

This work was funded by the United States Department of Energy. The authors are grateful for numerous helpful discussions with Drs Walter A. Stark, Jr., and Edmund K. Storms. 

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