Stimulants acute actions

Thus IGF-I receptors, and not those for IGF-II, can mimic the short-term, acute actions of insulin, certainly as far as stimulation of glucose and amino acid transport goes [55], The quest for a role for IGF-II receptors is often complicated by the fact that cells that can be studied also express IGF-I receptors whfch can interact with the test ligands. It has been suggested that IGF-II receptors may promote DNA... 

The antidotal action of the barbiturates is probably limited to the effects of chlordan on the nervous system. They most likely have no beneficial antagonistic action against the delayed parenchymatous degenerative changes produced by chlordan (4). Therefore, they are primarily only of possible value in acute poisoning in which severe stimulation of the central nervous system may be the primary cause of death. 

The answer is local anesthetic properties it can block the initiation or conduction of a nerve impulse. It is biotransformed by plasma esterases to inactive products. In addition, cocaine blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine. This action produces CNS stimulant effects including euphoria, excitement, and restlessness Peripherally, cocaine produces sympathomimetic effects including tachycardia and vasoconstriction. Death from acute overdose can be from respiratory depression or cardiac failure Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and is closely related to the structure of atropine. 

Miller RC, Godfraind T. (1983). The action of tabernanthine on noradrenaline-stimulated contractions and 45Ca movements in rat isolated vascular smooth muscle. EurJ Pharmacol. 96(3-4) 251-59. Mittman SM, Geyer MA. (1991). Dissociation of multiple effects of acute LSD on exploratory behavior in rats by ritanserin and propranolol. Psychopharmacology (Berlin). 105(1) 69-76. 

Bisacodyl is a stimulant laxative that does not take long to act and is therefore useful in acute constipation. The bulk-forming laxative ispaghula husk takes longer to act when compared with bisacodyl but is useful for long-term administration. Lactulose, which is an osmotic laxative, has a lag time of about 48 hours before onset of action. Loperamide and kaolin and morphine mixture are antidiarrhoeals used in acute diarrhoea. 

Should analgesics prove insufficiently effective, ergotamine or one of the 5-HTi, agonists may help control the acute attack in most cases or prevent an imminent attack. The probable common mechanism of action is a stimulation of serotonin receptors of the 5-HTid (or perhaps also the IB and IF) subtype. Moreover, ergotamine has affinity for dopamine receptors ( nausea, eme-... 

Hypersensitivity to any component of the product pheochromocytoma (because the drug may stimulate secretion of catecholamines from the tumor through its antihypertensive action) acute Ml dissecting aortic aneurysm. 

Meperidine (Demerol) [C-ll] [Narcotic Analgesic] Uses Moderate/ severe pain Action Narcotic analgesic Dose Adults. 25-50 mg IV, 50-100 mg IM Peds. 1 mg/kg IV/IM (onset w/in 5 min IV and 10 min IM duration about 2 h) Caution [C, ] Contra Convulsive disorders and acute abdomen Disp Prefilled 1 mL syringes 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/mL various amps and vials oral syrup and tabs SE N/V (may be severe), dizziness, weakness, sedation, miosis, resp d ession, xerostomia (dry mouth) Interactions t CNS depression W/ opiates, sedatives/ hypnotics TCNS stimulation W/amphetamines t risk of tox W7 phenytoin EMS Pt should be receiving O2 prior to administration have resuscitation equipment and naloxone available naloxone can be used as an antidote to reverse resp depression aspirate prior to IM administration inadv tent IV admin of IM doses may cause tach and syncope mix w/ NS to make a 10 mg/mL soln and inj very slowly N/V may be sev e may premedicate w/ an antiemetic... 

Bisacodyl (Dulcolox) [OTC] [Stimulant Laxative] Uses Con ti-pation preop bowel pr Action Stimulates pmstalsis Dose Adults. 5-15 mg PO or 10 mg PR PRN Peds. <2y 5 mg PR PRN >2 y 5 mg PO or 10 mg PR PRN (do not chew tabs or give w/in 1 h of antacids or milk) Caution [B, ] Contra Acute abd or bowel obst, appendicitis, gastroentmtis Disp Tabs, supp, enema soln... 

Uses Allergic Rxns itching Action Phenothiazine antihistamine serotonin antagonist Dose Adults. 4-20 mg PO qSh max 0.5 mg/kg/d Feds. 2-6 y 2 mg bid-tid (max 12 mg/24 h) 7-14 y 4 mg bid-tid in hepatic impair Caution [B, ] BPH Contra Neonates or <2 y NAG BOO acute asthma GI obst Disp Tabs, syrup SE Anticholinergic, drowsiness Interactions T Effects Wf CNS depressants, MAOIs, EtOH X effects OF epi, fluoxetine EMS Use other CNS depressants w/ caution concurrent EtOH use can T CNS depression higher epi doses may be needed if used OD May cause mood changes, Szs, CNS depression, or CNS stimulation symptomatic and supportive... 

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