Steroids anabolic, examples

In athletes Use of anabolic steroids, (for example, nandrolone [nan DRO lone] or stanozolol [sta NO zo lol], by athletes can cause premature closing of the epiphysis of the long bones, which interrupts development. The high doses taken by these young athletes may result in hepatic abnormalities, increased aggression ( roid rage"), and psychotic episodes, as well as the other adverse effects described above. 

Oral contraceptives and anabolic steroids are examples of synthetic steroids. 

An especially pronounced selectivity of the diol-modified precoated layers exists for steroids. An example of this is the separation of some anabolic agents as shown in Fig. 7. Vicinal diol groups are fixed to the silica gel matrix by a quite nonpolar spacer. Therefore, an RP mechanism on diol... 

Carbonyl groups are present in some steroids. For example, the synthetic steroids norethindrone, an oral contraceptive, and methandrostenolone, an anabolic steroid, both contain a carbonyl group (Figure 18.2). 

Schedule III—The drug or other substance has (1) a potential for abuse less than the drugs or other substances in Schedules I and II, (2) a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and (3) abuse of the drug or other substance may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Examples ketamine, anabolic steroids, some barbiturates. 

Deuterated steroids are also valuable for use in metabolic studies. For example, the isolation of di-deuterotestosterone in urine after oral administration in men of [16,16- H2]DHEA demonstrated that DHEA had potential as an anabolic steroid (Dehennin et al., 1998). Similarly, after treatment of rats with [1- H2]ethanol, mono-deuterotestosterone was isolated from plasma (Alomary et al., 2003). 

Schedule III Substances with less potential for abuse than drugs in Schedule I or II for example, methyl-phenidate, amphetamine, secobarbital, and anabolic steroids. 

Several synthetic steroids have been synthesized in an effort to investigate their physiological effects. Prednisone is an example of a synthetic drug. The oral contraceptives and anabolic steroids are the best known of all steroids. 

Similar considerations can also be made for animals of different gender. Antipyrine plasma elimination, for example, in rats and cattle show gender differences that, to some extent, cannot be mediated by sex hormones. In contrast, clearance of antipyrine and sulfamethazine in female dwarf goats markedly decreases following implantation of the anabolic steroid trenbolone (64). 

Schedule 3 involves drugs with a significant abuse potential, but lower than for Schedules 1 and 2. Such drugs may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Examples include many stimulants such as amphetamines and methamphetamines as well as various barbiturates. Anabolic steroids (used by athletes and bodybuilders) are also included because of their serious health risks. 

Thyroid hormones can have a re-partitioning effect upon body composition or muscle-to-fat ratio. As example were the many athletes whose weight was 250 LBS but only 10% bodyfat when total daily circulating thyroid hormone levels were elevated 10-50%. This would be due to thyroid hormone activity inducing improved nutrient metabolization and cellular efficiency combined with other hormone synergy. Of course, this is what "Absolute Anabolic Phases" were all about. But those who read about" Frank N. Steroid" already know about this effect and how it was created. 

Athletes engaging in androgen abuse usually obtain these drugs from various illicit but readily available sources.155 Some examples of anabolic steroids that are used by athletes are listed in Table 30-2. These agents include testosterone, synthetic analogs of testosterone, and precursors that are converted to ana-... 

There are basically three types of cytochrome P450 inducers (1) phenobarbital-like (the major class) (2) methylcholanthrene-like (which actually increases a P448 isozyme) and (3) anabolic steroids. The former two have been the most frequently studied. Research over the past 40-50 years indicates that their mechanism of action involves genetic interaction, possibly via derepression of a repressor gene, and the subsequent synthesis of mRNA for the specific enzyme proteins. Examples of phenobarbital-like enzyme inducers, the most common, are shown in Table 3.6. 

Although banned by the IOC in 1974, AASs have been continued to be used. Among the more notable examples is the disqualification of Ben Johnson at the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games. Johnson, whose urine contained metabolites of the anabolic steroid stanazalol, had won the 100-meter dash gold medal in world record time. He was disqualified and his medal returned. Johnson was subsequently banned for life following another positive test, of another nature (discussed later), in 1993. 

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