Steroid drugs hormones

P. Pavek, G. Merino, E. Wagenaar, E. Bolscher, M. Novotna, J.W. Jonker, and A.H. Schinkel. Human breast cancer resistance protein Interactions with steroid drugs, hormones, the dietary carcinogen 2-amino-l-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine, and transport of cimetidine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 312 144—152... 

Albumin (various ligands, including bilirubin, free fatty acids, ions [Ca +], metals [eg, Cu, Zn ], metheme, steroids, other hormones, and a variety of drugs... 

Liquid chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry of selected emerging pollutants (steroid sex hormones, drugs and alkyl phenolic surfactants) in the aquatic environment [56]... 

PXR in Adrenal Steroid Homeostasis and Drug-Hormone Interactions... 

While differing significantly from steroid estrogenic hormones in terms of structure, this drug exhibits all of the characteristic biological properties as these hormones. Hexestrol is used for the same indications as estrone. It is also used for prostate cancer or its hypertrophy in men. Synonyms of this drug are sin-estrol, cycloestrol, and others. 

Owing to periodic fluctuations in the price of diosgenin. alternative law materials such as solasodinc have been used for the synthesis of steroid drugs. In the U.S., the plant sterols stigmasterol and /3-sitosterol arc a significant raw material for the synthesis of antiinflammatory glucocorLicuids and other steroid hormones. 

Is a controlled-release system required This question will primarily relate to systemic drug delivery applications, typically for potent drugs such as steroid sex hormones and, perhaps, peptides or peptidomimetic agents. 

There are other forms of acne apart from teenage acne. There is the industrial disease called chloracne caused by exposure to chlorinated oils, but this is now extremely rare. Certain steroid drugs can also cause acne because these stimulate the production of sex hormones. Another type of acne is caused by sensitivity to certain cosmetics, and... 

Whole microbial cells as well as microbially derived enzymes have played a significant role in the production of novel antibiotics. The potential of microorganisms as chemical catalysts, however, was first fully realized in the synthesis of industrially important steroids. These reactions assumed increasing importance following the discovery that certain steroids such as hydrocortisone have antiinflammatory activity, while derivatives of the steroidal sex hormones are useful as oral contraceptive agents. More recently, chiral inversion of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has been demonstrated. 

In 1952 workers at the Upjohn Company discovered an efficient one-step 1 la-hydrox-ylation by the use of the mold Rhizopus arrhizuz. This reaction became crucial in the commercial production of various adrenocortical hormones and thereby synthetic analogs as well. Large-scale synthesis of other steroidal drugs have also become possible by the discovery of other organisms capable of highly (stereo) specific transformations. Table 14-2... 

It will be noted that stigmasterol also represents a commercial route to progesterone. This abundant plant sterol that is readily available from soybean with its C22-C23 double bond, easily converts to progesterone in four steps and has therefore become a preferred substrate for various steroidal drugs. Cholesterol itself, which is the natural substrate for all mammalian steroid hormones, and is readily available from various sources (e.g., wool grease), is now also convertible to desirable steroid intermediates utilizing biotransforma-tion chemistry. The same is true of P-sitosterol (Chapter 11), which is another plant sterol available from soybean. 

A large number of clinically important substances (therapeutic drugs, hormones, steroids) have molecular weights of less than 5,000 amu. As an example of the application of electrochemical competitive immunoassay to small molecular weight species, digoxin was chosen as a model com-... 

Most clinical laboratory analyses aim at metabolites in body fluids in the micro- and millimolar concentration range. A better understanding of various diseases requires the assay of steroids, drugs and their metabolites, hormones, and protein factors present in the range 10 "-10" M. At present the concentrations of these substances can only be determined by means of immunoassays. Stat determination and continuous in vivo monitoring are particularly important in intensive care medicine, surgery, and life-threatening situations. 

It is basically a steroidal drug used intravenously as an anaesthetic agent. It has, however, no hormonal activity. 

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