Steam treatment benefits

At the strategic level, boiler water treatment practice is essentially the planned, actioned, and documented management of the waterside of pre-boiler, boiler, and post-boiler plant equipment and systems. A key objective is to identify, obtain, and maintain operational and economic benefits for the plant owners, including maintaining the cleanliness and structural integrity of the boiler, its various water-steam cycle auxiliaries, and other components for a specified (long-term) period and to some quantifiable standard. 

Process leaks from food and beverage production or wood leachates often produce sugars, colloidal materials, pectins, emulsions, and proteins that cause stable foams in the boiler. These lead to carryover and further steam-condensate line contamination. The temporary use of a demulsifier or defoamer as part of the water treatment program may be of particular benefit, but again the condensate is unsuitable for return to the boiler. Other process leaks include ... 

Traditionally, customers employ water treatment service companies simply as external contractors to assist in the maintenance of clean and efficient waterside surfaces in their various heating, steam generating, cooling, and certain industrial process systems. The customers benefit from genuine improvements in operating efficiency, reductions in maintenance time, and replacement component costs. In addition, where industrial processes are involved they often profit from an added-value, due to an improved product quality or reduction in manufacturing cost. 

About 120 chemical constituents have been identified in chamomile as secondary metabolites, including 28 terpenoids, 36 flavonoids and 52 additional compounds [4]. A substantial part of drag effects are determined by the essential oil content. Oil is collected from flower heads, either by steam distillation or solvent extraction, for yields of 0.24-1.90% of fresh or dry plant tissue. Among the essential oil constituents the most active are /-/-a-bisabolol and chamazulene. /-/-a-bisabolol has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antimicrobial, antiulcer, sedative and CNS activity. Chamazulene is also anti-inflammatory. Topical applications of chamomile preparation have shown benefit in the treatment of eczema, dermatitis and ulceration [5]. 

This process alone, in addition to the advantages summarized above, shows the following benefits of the physical refining that will also be obtained. The various costs such as installation (22%), capital investment (20%), steam usage (28%), cooling water (7%), process makeup water (85%), wastewater treatment (63%) electrical power (62%), and refining loss (60%) are lower compared with that of the chemical refining process. 

Cold water systems usually cannot be steamed. Instead chemical disinfection or disinfection using ozmie is customary. An important benefit of ozone treatment compared to other chemical methods is that it can be executed automatically. 

As we have already emphasised, the sensitivity of PI unit operations to contaminants within process steams - such as particulates causing fouling, blockage or corrosive fluids - so the use of PI for effluent treatment has to take into account the fact that many effluents are, by their nature, foul . Obviously care can be taken in the selection of appropriate components for effluent treatment, and a major opportunity for PI is that it can be used as the basis for compact, reduced capital cost and energy-efficient effluent treatment plant. An early UK case study undertaken in the 1990s illustrates the benefits that could accrue to the use of PI in effluent treatment. 

Steam stripping system is more complex and can be cost prohibitive. Figure 11.2 shows a schematic diagram for a steam deodorization system. In order to get the full benefit of this type of treatment, one must have a system where the adsorbent treatment precedes the steam deodorization step. 

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