Architecture stack

Some semiconducting organic CT complexes of mixed-stack architecture exhibit the rather unusual neutral-to-ionic (N-I) phase transition upon variation of an external variable of parameter hyperspace, such as P or r. The transition manifests itself by a change of q and a dimerization distortion with the formation of donor-acceptor dimers along the stacking axis in the I-phase. 

Stack architectures (including material combinations) that can realistically implement internal reforming leading to reduced costs and long life. 

Figure 4.17 Optimized structures of the C, dimer in the stacking architecture.

The first two-dimensional metal derived from the rr-acceptor molecule, a-Et2Me2N [Ni(dmit)2]2, has shown another way to the higher dimensional system based on the face-to-face stacking architecture [7]. Figure 3 shows the crystal structure. The repeating unit along the c axis consists of four Ni(dmit)2 molecules. There are two types of overlapping modes, I (A---B) and II (A- C). The mode I, where one molecule overlaps with two molecules, is of special interest. The transverse intermolecular interaction for the Ni(dmit)2 molecule is... 

A similar architecture is based on the observation that it is unnecessary to save the complete state in a subroutine call. If a subroutine is called from n different states, only log2 n bits need to be saved to later return to the correct state. This is accomplished with a register loaded with an identifier when a subroutine is called. The value of this register determines which state to return to from a subroutine call. In the STG in figure 2, the subroutine a,6,c,d is called twice, and therefore one bit is needed to select the correct return state. This architecture is in many cases more area efficient than the stack architecture, since the number of registers needed frequently is smaller. However, when the number of calls to one subroutine is large, the stack architecture is more efficient. 

State-of-the-art SOFC cells contain critical rare earth elements. The impact of the dramatic price increases last year, by a factor 4—5 imposed by the mainly Chinese suppliers, has also been calculated for the DOE [35]. The result for the planar, anode-supported cells was an increase in the price of the stack, so that the rare earth component constitutes a cost of 12 /kW. In pre-2008 prices, the cost would have been around 1 /kW. For the tubular SOFCs, the implications are much more serious, resulting in a dramatic price increase because they contain up to 1.7 kg rare earth elements per kilowatt whereas anode-supported, planar cells only contain 35 g/kW in the stack architecture studied. 

These three stack technologies can be considered to be among the most advanced of the planar anode-supported SOFC stacks. Interestingly, their stack architectures are rather similar ... 

Bhosale Sheshanath, Sisson Adam L., Sakai Naomi, and Matile Stefan. Synthetic functional re-stack architecture in lipid bilayers. Org. Biomol. Chem. 4 (2006) 3031-3039. 

Silk film biomaterials were used to recreate the stacked architecture of the cornea (Lawrence et al., 2009). Films were 2 p,m thick mimicking corneal collagen lamellae dimensions and porous to permit nutrient trans-lamellar diffusion and promote cell-cell interactions. In addition, film surfaces were patterned to guide human and rabbit corneal fibroblast cell alignment. The final constructs sustained cell... 

The cell- and stack-level models can improve understanding of the complex interactions between fluid dynamic, thermal, chemical, and electrochemical phenomena. The combined models can therefore help maximise efflciency or power density by optimising PEN element design, cell configuration, and stack architecture for a given set of operating conditions. Most SOFC modelling focuses on cell- and stack-level performance for exactly this purpose. 

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