Metals one-dimensional

One-dimensional complexes, 6,134 One-dimensional conductors, 6,134 One-dimensional metals Krogmann salts, 6, 136 Optical isomerism cobalt ammines, 1,12 history, 1,180... 

Turning first to the metal film, we let G be the Greenian for the infinite, one-dimensional metal, and g its finite counterpart. These two Greenians are connected by the Dyson equation (3.3)... 

Roth S, Caroll D (2004) One-dimensional metals, 2nd edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim... 

Roth, S. and Carroll, D. 2006. One-Dimensional Metals Conjugated Polymers, Organic Crystals, Carbon Nanotubes. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ. 

Wudl F (1976) The chemistry of anisotropic organic materials. In Keller HI (ed) Chemsitry and physics of one-dimensional metals. Plenum, New York... 

Fig. 1.4. A one-dimensional metal-vacuum-metal tunneling junction. The. sample, left, and the tip, right, are modeled as semi-infinite pieces of free-electron metal.

We start with the simplest case of a one-dimensional metal surface. Many of the basic concepts are demonstrated with this case. Then, we discuss several other types of surfaces that are frequently imaged by STM. 

In conducting solids, the conduction electron density is spatially modulated, forming charge density waves (CDW) the periodic distortion accompanying the CDW (due to interaction between the conduction electron and the lattice) is responsible for the incommensurate phase (Overhauser, 1962 Di Salvo Rice, 1979 Riste, 1977). The occurrence of CDW and the periodic distortion can be understood in terms of the model proposed by Peierls and Frdhlich for one-dimensional metals. Let us consider a row of uniformly spaced chain of ions (spacing = a) associated with conduction electrons of energy E k) and a wave vector k. At 0 K, all the states are filled up to the Fermi energy, = E(kp). If the electron density is sinusoidally modulated as in Fig. 4.15 such that... 

Figure 4.15 CDW formation in a one-dimensional metal. Sinusoidally modulated electron density is shown above. The dots along the x-axis represents the ions. (Following Di Salvo, 1977.)...

Keller, H. J. (ed.) (1977) Chemistry and Physics of One-dimensional Metals, Plenum Press, New York. 

For a finite flux jA, there is a (steady state) shift of the AX crystal towards the side with the higher pXi. jx does not lead to such a shift. The shift velocity is / A-Vm(AX). Equation (4.104) can also be used to quantify the basic (one dimensional) metal oxidation experiment A+1/2X2 = AX shown in Figure4-4. In terms of thickness growth, one obtains from Eqn. (4.104) the expression... 

Figure 1 Schematic representation of the band formation in a columnar stack structure. (A) Semiconductor based on integral oxidation state complex. (B) One-dimensional metal produced by partial oxidation and resulting in a non-integral oxidation state...

Similar to zero-dimensional metal nanoparticles, most of the work on one-dimensional metal nanostructures focuses almost exclusively on gold nanorods. The high interest in anisometric gold nanoclusters arises from their unique optical and electronic properties that can be easily tuned through small changes in size, structure (e.g., the position, width, and intensity of the absorption band due to the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance is strongly influenced by the shell as well as the aspect ratio of the nanorods), shape (e.g., needle, round capped cylinder, or dog bone), and the inter-particle distance [157]. 

Readers interested in more specific details about synthesis strategies, mechanisms of nanorod formation, characterization, or factors influencing the morphology of noble metal nanorods are referred to a comprehensive review by Sau and Rogach [185]. Reviews by Kijima and Zhang et al. will provide additional, detailed information on the synthesis of other one-dimensional metal nanostructures (including nanowires and nanotubes) [186, 187]. 

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