Stability studies future work

The experimental studies described in this chapter certainly led to a better understanding of the coalescence phenomena in concentrated emulsions. Despite the complexity and variety of the destruction scenarios, different methods for measuring the coalescence frequency, ty, have been proposed. It should be within the reach of future work to measure ty for a large variety of systems in order to establish a comparative stability scale. This is a necessary step to determine the microscopic parameters that control the activation energy Ea and the attempt frequency coo. 

Only a brief examination was made of stabilizer systems, and future work should undoubtedly include a much more extensive examination on this subject. The examination of the effect of different types of PVC polymers is also an obvious choice for future studies. 

Investigation of environmental effects. As has been stressed in this chapter, homoaromaticity is just a matter of a few kcal mol-1 stabilization energy in most cases, and therefore environmental effects may have a large impact on structure, stability and other properties of a homoaromatic compound. Future work in theory (as well as in experiment) has to clarify how environmental effects can influence electron delocalization, through-space interactions and bonding in homoaromatic molecules. The theoretical methods are now available to calculate solvent and counter ion effects (for homoaromatic ions in solution) or to study intermolecular and crystal packing forces in the solid state. 

In future work we intend to study the effect of the composition of the block copolymers on dispersion stability more extensively. Preliminary results with graft copolymers have indicated that graft copolymers act as dispersants in essentially the same way as block copolymers when one type of sequence is carboxylated and the other type sequences are dissolved in the dispersion medium. 

Many of the Cu 100 based surface alloys discussed in this chapter are relatively well characterised in terms of their layerwise compositional profile, geometric structure and thermal stability. However, it is clear that the majority of structural studies performed to date have made the (often necessary) assumption that a single homogeneous structural phase with a somewhat idealised compositional profile is present. In many cases, particularly for adsorbates which exhibit considerable bulk solubility in copper this may be a oversimplification. Future work to investigate the sensitivity of quantitative probes of surface structure and composition such as LEED, ion scattering spectroscopies and photo-electron diffraction to structural heterogeneity will be invaluable. 

Active control studies on a swirl-stabilized spray combustor are presented. Significant improvements with model-based control over traditional time-delay control is demonstrated in the present work. These improvements are particularly noted with acoustic modulation. Future work in this area is directed toward using a proportional drive spray injector where the full amplitude/phase information from the model-based controller can be exploited. 

Thanks to the advanced characterization techniques such as aberration-corrected electTOTi microscopy and spectroscopy, more complex core-shell fine structures of the dealloyed nanoparticles can be studied at atomic scale [53, 73], enabling a comprehensive understanding on the structure-activity-stability relationship. To achieve both high activity and stability, future works will concentrate on understanding and optimizing the core-shell fine structures of dealloyed nanoparticles through the COTitrol of particle size, composition and shape, the dealloying conditions, etc. 

With regard to future work, several issues should be studied, among them are, the development of ways to combine the inverse and direct optimality methods, the design of control structures with compatible passivity and detectability structures, the development of measures of stability, passivity, and detectability, the consideration of other control schemes like model predictive control, and the design of dedicated observers for control or monitoring purposes. 

The primary causes of this event were a direct result of systems, which resulted in a low level of TMAA stability. We had enjoyed freedom from accidents for years because a great many people worked very hard to see that everything was in order however, there were not enough systems with built-in safeguards to ensure that the probability of failure was as low as we really wanted. This analysis pointed out the need for systems studies and subsequent improvements if we were to be satisfied with future performance. Space will not allow detailed discussion of all problems found and their ramifications however, key deficiencies are listed below without comment ... 

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