Stability, political

How do we take a future-oriented approach to research on energy and metals What criteria do we use to set research priorities Short-term projections of prices and availability of resources are poor guides to a national policy for research. It is virtually impossible to predict the course that energy prices will take over the next few years or to prognosticate political events that might affect the snpply of key minerals to the United States. The most anyone can say is that oil prices will rise and that a real threat exists to the stability of onr snpply of several key minerals. 

Energy is an importantfactor affecting economic and political stability. The efforts of scientists, economists, social scientists and public figures involved in the solution of current and future energy problems must be combined in order to secure the stability on the global and regional levels. 

Although the mechanism proposed for the ZSM-5/methanol system adequately explains the production of the primary C2-C5 products, it is not clear how these are converted into the final gasoline product or indeed why this product should be so rich in aromatics. Production of olefins from methanol over zeolite catalysts has previously been described (110, 112) however, the ZSM-5 system appears to be unique with respect to both product selectivity and catalyst stability. Mobil now has some 140 patents relating to the preparation and use of ZSM-5 zeolites and has stated that "given a favorable economic and political climate a commercial unit could be in operation by the early 1980 s (101). 

The security and economic stability of many nations and multinational oil companies are highly dependent on the safe and uninterrupted operation of their oil, gas and chemical facilities. One of the most critical impacts that can occur to these operations are fire and explosions from accidental or political incidents. The recent Gulf War amply demonstrates the impact these events can have on oil installations. 

Regional and international interactions are likely to reduce the incidence of conflict. They help cooperatively resolve the negative consequences of environmental stress. To solve environmental problems can help advance the goal of political stability, economic development, and peace. 

Those were times of great turmoil in the region. Terrorist attacks could be expected with alarming frequency as the British prepared to withdraw. Because of the unrest, Mark and the Planning Committee set-up and operated the Institute s instruments in Brooklyn until the political situation stabilized. 

It remains to be seen whether China can create its own innovation chain from R D to commercial implementation. Given the prerequisites of political stability, committed leadership, adequate allocation of resources and a functioning infrastructure of research and training institutions, the future can be very promising. 

Beyerman/Bosman/Maat in Delft and by Rice et al. at NIH, USA. The possibility of a fully synthetic supply of morphine is nevertheless important, as the availability of the natural compound depends on the political stability of a few regions in the world. 

For the next five years, the Congo experienced political and social turmoil. Two presidents were elected and deposed, and there was much arguing over who should run the country and how. Finally, in 1965, a man named Mobutu Sese Seko rose to power. Though the country was remarkably rich in resources such as diamonds, under Sese Seko s rule, the people lived in complete squalor. Still, Sese Seko brought some stability to the region. He ruled for 32 years, until the people finally rebelled in 1997. 

Electroconvulsive therapy [ECT] is mostly used for severe depression. Elowever, a balanced, extensive review of the literature by Sackeim s group (see Nobler et ah, Chapter 10, in this volume] reveals not only the remarkable potency and safety of this politically controversial mode of treatment, but also the multiplicity of its biological influence and impact on a diversified gamut of brain functions. ECT is probably also effective in acute manic states and might be viewed as a mood stabilizer. Whether or not maintenance ECT acts as a mood stabilizer is still unknown. It might be viewed as an antidepressant with a broad stabilizing effect. 

The reality is, however, that it will be politically difficult or impossible to stabilize CO2 emissions at 1990 levels, let alone bring about a significant reduction. Rubin et al.is discuss some realistic mitigation options. 

Serafino, Nina M. Colombia Conditions and U.S. Policy Options. Washington, D.C. Congressional Research Service, 2001. An overview of U.S. policy issues and efforts regarding Colombia. Areas covered include trade and political stability, as well as combating narcotics production and trafficking. There is also a summary of Plan Colombia and other aid efforts. 

Financial and political support to the alternative transport routes should be broadly applied. This applies to the implementation of new gas technologies. This may contribute to maintain stability of the international energy market, and, thus, to keep the comparative prices low. 

As pipelines per se are fairly vulnerable to sabotage and terrorist actions, the social and political stability in the involved countries are of greatest importance for the security of natural gas supply. This especially applies to transit countries that - per definition - are not part of the gas supply contracts. It is therefore mandatory that transit countries are enabled to make use of their compensation in a prosperous manner for the sake of improving the social stability. It is assumed that this in the next run will increase the safety of energy supply that is crucial to all parties. 

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