Springer model

Other Springer model derivatives include those of Ge and Yi, ° van Bussel et al., Wohr and co-workers, and Hertwig et al. Here, the models described above are slightly modified. The model of Hertwig et al. includes both diffusive and convective transport in the membrane. It also uses a simplified two-phase flow model and shows 3-D distributions... 

The sensor output can be used to test the validity of processing models such as the Loos-Springer model [30]. Sensor measured values of t] can be compared with the Loos-Springer model predictions. Figure 4.14 is a comparison of the model s predictions and the measured values at the sixty-fourth ply. Agreement in the viscosity s time dependence and magnitude with the predictions of models is essential if the model is to be verified and used with confidence. 

Figure 4.14 Comparison of the viscosity at the sixty-fourth ply as predicted by the FDEMS sensor and the Loos-Springer model...

For brevity, a direct comparison of the BFCM to the results using Thampan and Springer models at 70°C is not presented here, but we note that Springer et al. s model predictions are markedly inferior to those at 30°C. The minimum relative error is approximately 20% and the computed values lie outside the upper bound of conductivity range at all water contents. Possible causes for the large discrepancy in the Springer model predictions are discussed in Ref. [23]. In any case, for this temperature, the BFCM exhibits again lower overall error for almost all water contents. 

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