Spreadsheets graphics

A recent contribution to mass-balance modeling of weathering (Bowser and Jones, 2002) utilizes a spreadsheet graphical method to interpret mass balance in watershed systems in place of the strictly numerical solution methods. Key to the approach is to solve the mass-balance equation for a 10 X 10 matrix as a function of mineral composition (specifically in terms of plagioclase feldspar and smectite compositions). Exploration by means of models that cover mineral compositional space limited the range of possible compositions and restricted the range of possible mass-balance solutions. Figure 1 (after Bowser and Jones, 2002) is an example of the spreadsheet approach applied to the Sierra Nevada ephemeral... 

The true business value of an EDMS is realized to the extent that it serves as more than just the terminus for document-related activities in an enterprise. To fully realize its goals, an enterprise paperless documentation system will perform functions across the entire document life-cycle. In addition to the storage of existing documents, users with appropriate system privileges must be able to create new electronic documents from within the electronic document management system. The system must explicitly support the file formats used by the business, which typically include word processing, spreadsheet, graphics, and database files. 

Document objects have, in addition to text, come to include databases/spreadsheets, graphics, images, video, audio, web sites. What a document used to be is now a small part of documentation—audit trails, metadata, etc.— where documentation of immediate experience is immediately available to third parties. Documentation is now an environment of dynamic interactive support as opposed to the static support of imaged paper. 

Client workstation Word processing, spreadsheets, graphics, e-mail, conference ... 

We here assume that the company is of a size and complexity to use modern information-technology network solutions for the general handling of information. This inclndes a common database-handling system, e-mail, standard PC software for word-processing, spreadsheets, graphical presentation and access to the Internet. The development of computer solutions to the SHE information system is a central task in the improvement process. It is natural to choose solutions that utilise existing compnter resources at the company. 

The ubiquitousness of the personal computer and the increasing power of the program packages available for it have shifted the emphasis away from large, mainframe-based systems like PLATO. Instead, graphics are included in utihty programs such as equation solvers, spreadsheet processors, and word processors. 

The example spreadsheet covers a three-day test. Tests over a period of days provide an opportunity to ensure that the tower operated at steady state for a period of time. Three sets of compositions were measured, recorded, normalized, and averaged. The daily compositions can be compared graphically to the averages to show drift. Scatter-diagram graphs, such as those in the reconciliation section, are developed for this analysis. If no drift is identified, the scatter in the measurements with time can give an estimate of the random error (measurement and fluc tuations) in the measurements. 

These TNT equivalencies should be used in combination with high-explosive blast data by Baker (1973). Instead of graphical representation, Prugh (1987) recommends the use of simple equations which relate basic blast parameters to distance from the explosion center. These expressions can be readily implemented in a spreadsheet on a personal computer. 

Most of the algorithms and formulae discussed in this chapter can be implemented as expressions in computer spreadsheets, and the rest as simple computer programs. Most are also incorporated into the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet program by the Isoplot add-in (Ludwig 1999, in press) as user-available functions and graphical routines (Appendix III). 

Graphical representation and corresponding equations of tabular data are of value for interpolation, for revealing behavior patterns, and other purposes. The most complete software for this purpose is TableCurve. More limited but adequate for the present book are POLYMATH and MathCad. All spreadsheet software, for instance QuattroPro, can make plots of all kinds. In... 

We can take the action refinement even further. How is a setAddition performed By typing = and clicking in a cell. For that we need an addition to the model to record that after the =, we re now in the identify C effor adding state and to map mouse coordinates to C etl Yes, finally, we ve gotten down to something that uses the graphical layout of the spreadsheet. 

As an integral component of Microsoft Office, the spreadsheet program Excel is installed on many personal computers. Thus, a widespread basic expertise can be assumed. Although initially designed for business calculations and graphics, Excel is also extremely useful for scientific purposes. Its matrix capabilities, as well as the optimisation add-in solver, are not widely known but can often be applied in order to quickly resolve quite complex multivariate problems. We have used Excel 2002 but any other version will do equally well. 

One difficulty with the Trendline is that the equation only appears graphically. The values for slope and intercept have to be copied manually into the spreadsheet if they are to be used in later calculations. 

The data can also be displayed as a spreadsheet or data table, or as a graphical display, if the browser is Java capable. In addition, much more extensive information is available for selected fluids ... 

The second way to edit a part s properties is to double-click the LEFT mouse button on the graphic symbol for that part. To edit the properties of R2, double-click the LEFT mouse button on the R2 resistor graphic, +AVV-. Make sure that you click on the center of the graphic. If you double-click fast enough, the properties spreadsheet will appear ... 

Double-click on the resistor graphic r to edit its spreadsheet ... 

Notice the plus (+) sign on the capacitor. This plus sign indicates the positive voltage side of the capacitor for initial conditions. Make sure the plus sign is oriented as shown in the schematic. We would like the capacitor to have an initial condition of 5 V, and we would like the switch to close at t = 1 ms. The initial condition of the capacitor is not one of the displayed attributes, so we must edit all the attributes of the capacitor. Double-click the LEFT mouse button on the capacitor graphic, to obtain the spreadsheet for Cf ... 

To edit the attributes of the PWL source, double-click the LEFT mouse button on the PWL graphic, to obtain the spreadsheet for the source ... 

The pulsed voltage source can be used to create an arbitrary pulse-shaped waveform. We will use it to create a 1 kHz square wave. The rise and fall times of the square wave will be 1 ps. Double-click the LEFT mouse button on the pulsed voltage source graphic, <0, to obtain its spreadsheet and edit its attributes ... 

Click the OK button when you have made the changes to return to the schematic. The input to the inverter will be a short 1 ps pulse. The attributes of the pulsed voltage source are Period = 50u, rise time = In, fall time = In, Pulse width = lu, initial.voltage = 0, Pulsed voltage = 5, delay.time = lu. Double-click the LEFT mouse button on the pulsed voltage source graphic to obtain the spreadsheet for the source ... 

Double-click the LEFT mouse button on the graphic symbol for the breakout Zener diode 03,, to obtain the properties spreadsheet for the part. Two screen captures are shown to display the properties we need for this discussion. 

The reason for this is because we would like to offer our users the opportunity not just to understand the method and the coded logic, but also to be able to enjoy the 3D interactive graphics, the digital videos, the color images, and most importantly the active code spreadsheets. Along with any other imaginable visualization, this can be executed and experimented with using their own data. 

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