Spouted fluid bed

Fig. 13. Multistage spout-fluid-bed reactor. 1, spouted bed 2, perforated plate 3, spray no22le 4, air header 5, fluidi2ed bed.

This concept was first called a recirculating fluidized bed by Yang and Kearins (1974). Several other names have also been used to describe the same concept the fluid-lift solids recirculator (Buchanan and Wilson, 1965), the spouted fluid bed with a draft tube (Y ang and Keaims, 1983 Hadzismajlovic et al., 1992), the internally circulating fluidized bed (Milne et al., 1992 Lee and Kim, 1992) or simply a circulating fluidized... 

Another type of fluidized bed, where the jetting phenomena is an important consideration, is the spouted fluid bed, where a large portion of... 

Yang, W. C., and Keaims, D. L., Studies on the Solid Circulation Rate and Gas Bypassing in Spouted Fluid-Bed with a Draft Tube, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 61 349 (1983)... 

Lima, A.C.C. and Rocha, S.C.S., Bean drying in fixed, spouted and spout-fluid beds a comparison and empirical modeling. Drying Tech., 16 (1998) 1881-1901. 

R.K. Stoecker, A. Rastogi, L.A. Behie, W.Y. Svreck, M.A. Bergougnou, A computer simulation of propane cracking in a spout-fluid bed reactor with draft tube, in K. Ostergaard, A Sorensen (Eds.), Fluidization V, Engineering Foundation, New York, 1986, pp. 465 172. 

Another process is the C I Girdler drum system, but it cannot compete in today s market because of capacity restrictions. Toyo has developed a spouting-fluid bed technology and by 1996 three plants were in operation. Stamicarbon will also license a fluid-bed plant that is similar to the Hydro-Agri design.108... 

Toyo Engineering Corp. (TEC) has a spout-fluid bed granulation technology to produce granular urea—typically 2-4 mm size. Due to proprietary granulator, electric power consumption is the lowest among granulation processes. 

UNIVERSITY EINDHOVEN Eindhoven. 5t/d 900°c 1979 X X X Indirectly heated spout-fluid bed reactor. 

At the university of Eindhoven, a spout-fluid bed reactor is being developed for the pyrolysis of crushed and classified refuse. The feed is suspended in the fluidizing gas and blown in the reactor through an inlet pipe in the bottom of the reactor. Mathematical models for the pyrolysis of refuse particles have been developed and start-up of the reactor is planned for 1979 [33]. 

Costa, E.F., Cardoso, M., and Passos, M.L., Simulation of drying suspensions in spout-fluid beds of inert particles. Drying Technol, 19(8), 1975-2001, 2001. 

J. M. Link, C. Zeilstra, N. G. Deen and J. A. M. Kuipers, Validation of a discrete particle model in a 2D spout-fluid bed using non-intrusive optical measuring techniques, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 2004, 82, 30. 

Figure 4.1 Basic configurations of dryers with inert carriers a) fluid bed b) spout-fluid bed c) fluid bed with inner conveyor screw d) spouted (jet-spouted) bed e) vortex bed f) swirling streams g) vibrofluidized bed h) rotary dryer i) pneumatic dryer j) impinging stream dryer.

The idea of a mobilized bed is derived from the spout-fluid bed concept, which combines some characteristics of both fluidization and spouting techniques. The main part of the mobilized bed apparatus is the gas-distributor shown schematically in Figure 9.1. Since the drying chamber used in these experiments was square in cross-section, the distributor has a square configuration with the four walls inclined at 30° to the vertical. The lower section is... 

Munz R, Merseieau O. A plasma spout-fluid bed for the recovery of vanadium from vanadium ore. Chem. Eng. Sci. 45(8) 2489-2495, 1990. 

A10 kWjij continuous reactor of interconnected fluidized beds has been discussed in Ref. [55] for CLC with biomass (Figure 5.12). The prototype is composed of a fast fluidized bed as air reactor, a cyclone and a spout-fluid bed as fuel reactor. In this case, the spout-fluid type reactor is adopted as fuel reactor in order to have a strong solid mixing between the biomass and OC particles and a long residence time. The spout-fluid reactor is designed to have two difl erent compartments. In the first part, the reaction chamber is located where the OC and the biomass are combined to produce exhaust gas and solid species (metal oxide and unconverted fuel), while the second part contains the inner seal that is located at the top and it is used to allow solids movement to the air reactor. The fuel reactor is fluidized by using exhaust gas recirculation (Table 5.2). 

Figures 9.8, 9.9, and 9.10 are flow sheets for the three available processes, Hydro-Agri, Toyo Er neer-ing (spouted-fluid bed), and Stamicarbon.

Rovero G. Piccinini N. Catalytic reactors and their modeling. In Epstein N, Grace JR, editors. Spouted and spout-fluid beds. Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2011. p 305-320. 

Anabtawi MZ, Uysal BZ, Jumah RY. Flow characteristics in a rectangular spout-fluid bed. Powder Technol 69 205-211, 1992. 

Hadzismajlovic DzE, Povrenovic DS, Grbavcic ZB, Vukovic DV. A spout-fluid bed dryer for dilute solutions containing solids. In Grace JR, Shemilt LW, Bergougnou MA, eds. Fluidization VI. New York Engineering Foundation, 1989, pp 277-284. 

Hadzismajlovic DzE, Grbavcic ZB, Povrenovic DS, Vukovic DV, Garic RV. The hydrodynamic behavior of a 0.95 m diameter spout-fluid bed with a draft tube. In Potter OE, Nicklin DJ, eds. Fluidization VII. New York Engineering Foundation, 1992, pp 337-344. 

Yang WC, Keairns DL. Studies on the solid circulation rate and gas bypassing in spouted fluid-bed with a draft tube. Can J Chem Eng 61 349-355, 1983. 

Figure 21. Spout-fluid bed with draft tube...

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