Inner seal

Type of gas seals (inner seal) and oil seals Type of bearings (radial)... 

When oil buffered seals are used, oil will move past an inner seal toward the process side of the compressor. The oil is prevented from moving into the compressor by a set of labyrinths and is captured in an inner drain cavity. From the cavity, it is piped to the outside where it is collected in either a pot or trap. Figure 8-13 shows several alternative arrangements and equipment. The user must choose between automatic or manual drainers. If the gas from the top of the drainers is to be directly returned to the compressor, it is important that mist eliminators be used. The oil collected in the drainers is reclaimed or disposed of, based on the level of contamination and the user s disposal practices. 

Figure 8-13. Arrangements for inner seal drain traps [1].

If oil buffered seals are used on the compressors, the seal leakage toward the process side of the compressor must be carefully measured, as it is (and should be) a small value. While five gallons per day doesn t sound too small, in a four-hour run, this is less than two pints, making the hold-up time at the inner seal chamber and in the lines to the drain pots a significant value. This makes exact measurement quite difficult. 

INNER SEAL X OUTER SEAL PUMP SEAL HOUSING... 

To provide cold therapy for cuts, bruises, sprains, and lacerations, an instant ice pack for first-aid treatment uses a chemical reaction that requires heat in order to occur. An instant Ice-Pack contains two compartments — one containing liquid water, the other a solid. The pack is activated by squeezing the liquid compartment to break an inner seal that permits the mixing of the two compartments. Heat is withdrawn from the surroundings by the reacting chemicals, lowering the temperature of the ice-pack contents. 

Glass coil Inner seal Mixing zone... 

A typical container closure system is a plastic (usually HDPE) bottle with a screw-on or snap-off closure and a flexible packaging system, such as a pouch or a blister package. A typical closure consists of a cap — often with a liner — frequently with an inner seal. If used, fillers, desiccants, and other absorbent materials are considered primary packaging components. 

This test is conducted on containers heat-sealed with foil laminate therefore, only the properties of the container are evaluated. The level of protection from water vapor permeation provided by a packaging system marketed with a heat-sealed foil laminate inner seal (up to the time the inner seal is removed) is expected to be approximately the same as that determined by this test. The acceptance criteria are those established in USP <671>. 

This test is intended for drugs being dispensed on prescription, but it has also been applied to the drug product manufacturer s container closure system. If the container closure system has an inner seal, it should be removed before testing. The results from this study reflect the contributions to water vapor permeation through the container and through the seal between the container and the closure. 

The application (or Type II DMF) should include a detailed description of the complete container closure system for the bulk drug substance as well as a description of the specific container, closure, all liners, inner seal, and desiccant (if any), and a description of the composition of each component. A reference to the appropriate indirect food additive regulation is typically considered sufficient to establish the safety of the materials of construction. The tests, methods, and criteria for the acceptance and release of each packaging component should be provided. Stability studies to establish a retest period for bulk drug substance in the proposed container closure system should be conducted with fillers or desiccant packs in place (if used). Smaller versions that simulate the actual container closure system may be used. 

Commercial cold packs work by the same principle. Instead of sodium chloride, however, these packs are made with ammonium nitrate, which absorbs much more energy as it dissolves in water. In order for the pack to be activated, it must be punched. As discussed in Section 9.6, this breaks an inner seal and allows the ammonium nitrate to mix with water. As the ammo-... 

A packaging component means any single part of a container closure system. Typical components are containers (e.g., ampules, vials, bottles), container liners (e.g., tube liners), closures (e.g., screw caps, stoppers), closure liners, stopper overseals, container inner seals, administration ports [e.g., on large-volume parenterals (LVPs)], overwraps, administration accessories, and container labels [4],... 

Liquid-based oral drug products are usually dispensed in glass bottles (sometimes in plastic), often with a screw cap with a liner, and possibly with a tamper-resistant seal or an overcap that is welded onto the bottle. The same cap liners and inner seals are sometimes used with solid oral dosage forms. A laminated material can be used to overwrap glass bottles for extra safety. 

Generally it is best to allow the minimum amount of air so that the liquid will boil without excessive bumping. The thermometer is fitted through the neck of the flask which has the side arm. Some of the hot vapors condense into liquid on the rubber stopper or cork which holds the thermometer. The liquid may become discolored and run down into the side-arm tube and contaminate the distillate. In such cases the side arm should protrude a few millimeters within the neck of the flask such a side-arm tube is known as an inner seal. ... 

Closure types are also listed, including tamper-resistant and child-resistant caps. Liners are also given prominence, along with inner seals and elastomers when used as closures. Aerosols are given specific coverage since they affect both the rate and the amount of drug delivered. 

BS 6499 1985, Specification for metal screw necks, caps and inner seals for metal containers. 

Container with inner seals tape seals, breakable caps sealed metal tubes or plastic blind-end heat-sealed tnbes... 

The inner seal is 10-mil soft aluminum spun over a section of linen-base... 

HPLC syringe (this syringe incorporates a blunt end use of a beveled-end GC syringe would damage inner seals to the Rheodyne HPLC injeetor)... 

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