Sports caps

Another consideration is how long the consumer will interact with the package. If the pack is a multi-serve, stored in a refrigerator, and the product is poured into a glass or cup, then the interaction time is minimal. If the pack is a single-serve size, but with a drink-from closure (now called a sports caps ), then the interaction time will be longer and the tactile properties of the package may have more importance. 

Food and beverage capping for dairy products, fruit juices, sports drinks, beers, wines and food... 

Injected parts transparent, filled to a greater or lesser degree, possibly crosslinked and/or foamed in microcellular form for tyres (light uses), kneepads, footwear, soles, sports and technical items, buoys, flexible toys, protective caps. .. 

GHB is usually sold by the capful, or swig, for 5 to 25. It is generally found in liquid form, but may be found in a highly soluble powder form. Either way, it is typically added to a liquid such as water, sports drinks like Gatorade, or soft drinks. Mixing the drug with a sweetened drink can mask GHB s salty taste. GHB is also mixed into an alcoholic drink, which enhances its effects but increases the potential for adverse reaction, particularly respiratory distress. The use of alcohol is typical if date rape is intended, as the victim is usually unaware that GHB has been added to the drink. 

Muffler pipe for samples producing loud noises (like sporting paper cap, PETN, RDX, HMX, and primary explosives) shown in Figure 3.9. 

Figure 3.11 The accumulated explosion rate plotted on semi—log paper in normal and logarithm scale with Sporting Paper Cap.

CMC-Silver azide Black Powder Picric acid(coarse) Picric acid(fine) Trinitrotoluene (TNT) Nitroguanidine Guanidine nitrate m-Dinitrobenzene Others Dibenzoylperoxide Sporting paper cap Flat paper cap DPT" ... 

Figure 3.11 shows the distribution of the accumulated explosion ratio frequencies for a drop ball test using sport paper caps 2 4 . Test trials at each fall height are done 30 times (a) is the case where the fall heights are taken at the same interval and (b)is the case where the logarithms of the fall heights are taken at the same interval. Apparently the case where log H is taken with the same intervals shows better linearity and is nearer to a normal distribution. 

The next problem is to determine an adequate up and down interval.Dixon indicated that the interval near a is adequate and should be in the range of 0.5-2.0 o 2 n. The impact sensitivity of the sport paper caps had a narrow deviation range, and it was observed that the distribution was nearer to a normal logarithmic distribution. However, common explosive substances do not always behave this way. Figure 3.12 shows an example. 

Some substances make a loud sound upon exploding and others hardly make a sound in drop ball impact sensitivity tests. The simple contact mixture of potassium chlorate and red phosphorus is one of the substances which makes loud sound when exploding. About a lOOdB (A-fast) noise is measured at a distance of 3m. The frequency distribution is shown in Figure 3.19 J 21. However the mixture does not always make the same explosive sound sometimes it makes softer sound, and other times, no sound at all. Sporting paper caps and toy paper caps cause loud noises with narrow frequency... 

The commercial products, sporting paper caps (SPC potassium chlorate, red phosphorus and sulfur), toy paper caps (same components as SPC) and silver azide cartridges for breaking renal calculi have lower sensitivity than their powdery components because they are packaged as cartridges. 

The sporting paper caps which are used for starting signal pistols in Japan each contain about 0.05 g of a composition consisting of 74% potassium chlorate, 18% red phosphorus, 8% sulphur and small amount of starch. Recently, the hazard classification on the packaging of these paper caps for transportation on ships was discussed. 

The commercial products of RADIE Co. Ltd. (trade name EVERNEW) were used as the sampls of sporting paper caps. Fig.5.1 and Fig.5.2 show the structures, cases and packages of the sporting paper caps. 

The explosive power of 100 sporting paper caps (about 5 g of explosive)was measured by use of MKIII ballistic mortar initiated by a No.6 detonator as shown in Fig.5.3. 

The length of the ballistic pendulum swing from the explosion of 100 sporting paper caps and one No. 6 detonator is 165 mm. That from only one No.6 detonator is 30 mm, so the net result from 100 sporting paper caps is 135 mm. In comparison with a 151 mm swing from 5 g of TNT, the explosion power of the sporting paper caps is 89% of that of TNT. 

Table 5.1 The test results of sporting paper caps in small gap test by use of MKIII ballistic mortar...

Table 5.3 The results of small gap test(II) of sporting paper caps...

Table 5.4 test results for the sympathetic explosionof sporting paper caps inside small cases... 

The UN pressure vessel test was applied to one sheet of sporting paper caps (about 5 g of explosive). The bursting pressure of the rupture disk was 5.9 kg/cm 2, and the average rate of temperature rise was 30 °C /min. 

A package of five large cases containing sporting paper caps was placed in a hole in the ground,and the stack test was carried out similarily to the single package test. 

To observe the burning situation of sporting paper caps, one begins with a burning test one a larg case containing 3000 caps. 

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