Spike lavender

Spike lavender oil is a pale yellow n the lollowiog eharaciers —... 

Some oils consist almost entirely of esters for example, those of Oaultheria procumhens and Betula lenta contain about 99 per cent, of methyl salicylate. Bergamot and lavender owe the greater part of their perfume value to esters of linalol, of which the acetate predominates. Geranium oil owes its fragrance chiefly to geranyl esters, of which the tiglate is the chief. On the other hand, oils such as spike lavender, sandalwood, lemon-grass, and citronella contain but small quantities of esters, and owe their perfume value to entirely different types of compounds. 

This body, CjoHjgO, has been described under several names, the best known being that now usually adopted, viz. cineol also cajuputol (from its occurrence in oil of cajuput) and eucalyptol (from its occurrence in oil of eucalyptus). It is found in nature in very large quantities in the above-mentioned oils, as well as in many others, notably wormseed, lavender (English), and spike-lavender oils. It results also by the... 

Terpenes are commonly employed for diluting lemon, orange, and bergamot oils. The addition lowers the specific gravity, increases the optical rotation, and lowers the proportion of oxygenated constituents. Terpinolene, a by-product in the manufacture of terpineol, has been detected in some oils, notably citronella and spike, lavender. It can be detected by its odour in the fractionated oils. 

Spanish spike lavender oil is produced by steam distillation of the flowering tops of spike, Lavandula latifolia Medik. It is an almost colorless to pale greenish-yellow liquid with a characteristic, rough odor slightly like cineole and camphor. 

Camphor (C10H160) Found in essential oils of ho leaf, lavandin, spike lavender, rosemary and sage. An important compound used in many applications including medical preparations, but it is classified as toxic. 

Linalyl acetate (3,7-dimethyl-1,6-octadien-3-yl acetate) Found in essential oils of bergamot, lavender, lavandin, spike lavender, Clary sage, neroli and petitgrain. Floral, fruity, sweet and herbaceous odour. 

Lavandin essential oil is often sold as lavender essential oil but is much cheaper. It is made from a hybrid plant bred from true lavender and spike lavender. The true lavender grows at high altitudes (between 600 and 2000 metres above... 

For an essential oil such as lavender, the same major components will be present these are linalool, linalyl acetate and 1,8-cineole. This is the qualitative knowledge. The different types of lavender essential oils will contain different amounts of constituent compounds. Spike lavender, Lavandula latifolia, has high amounts of 1,8-cineole (25-37%), while true lavender, Lavandula angustifolia, has very small amounts (0-5%). Lavandula latifolia may contain up to 60% camphor, while Lavandula angustifolia has only up to about 12%. This is quantitative information. A quantitative analysis is needed to help identify different types of oil and can distinguish chemotypes. 

Spike lavender comes from the Lavandula latifolia or Lavandula spica species. These grow at much lower altitudes, are easier and cheaper to cultivate and give high yields of oil. The main country of origin is Spain. 

Lavandin is produced by a hybrid plant Lavandula intermedia or Lavandula hybrida, which was bred by crossing the true lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) with spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia). Lavandin is sometimes called bastard lavender. Hybrids are widespread in horticulture, where they are bred to produce plants with the desired properties of the parents. The lavandin plants are easier to grow at lower altitudes (400-600 metres), yielding almost twice as much oil as the true lavender plant. Again, this is economically favourable and lavandin essential oil is particularly useful for the cosmetic and fragrance industries. 

Figure 7.4 Lavender. This shows the GC analysis for spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia). The camphor level is high and that of linalyl acetate is low. Courtesy of Jenny Warden, Traceability.

Figure 7.5 Lavender. Analysis of Lavandula hybrida, showing a composition that is intermediate between the true lavender and spike lavender. Courtesy of Jenny Warden, Traceability.

Lavandin Oil, Abrial Type, occurs as a pale yellow to yellow liquid with a slight, camphoraceous odor that is strongly suggestive of lavender. It is obtained by steam distillation of the fresh flowering tops of a hybrid, Lavandula abrialis unofficial (Fam. Labiatae), of true lavender, Lavandula officinalis, or of spike lavender, Lavandula latifolia. It is soluble in most... 

Spike Lavender Oil occurs as a pale yellow to yellow liquid with a camphoraceous, lavender odor. It is the volatile oil obtained by steam distillation from the flowers of Lavandula latifolia, Vill. (Lavandula spica, D.C.) (Fam. Labiatae). It is soluble in most fixed oils and in propylene glycol. It is slightly soluble in glycerin and in mineral oil. 

Oil of spike lavender (Lavandula latifolia (L.f.) Medikus), Spanish type... 

Site-specific natural isotope fractionation (SNIF) NMR, which determines different (D/H), isotope ratios from the NMR spectra, has been used to characterize essential oils derived from a variety of botanicals (lavender, spike lavender, bose de rose oil, bergamont, germanium, clary sage, petit grain, coriander, Formosan, and camphor oil) and geographical regions versus synthetically produced oils. These SNIF-NMR results combined with DA allowed the natural and synthetic oils to be unambiguously indentified. ... 

The main components of Spanish spike lavender oil are linalool (34-50%), 1,8-cineole (16-39%), and camphor (8-16%) [585-591c]. 

Spike lavender plants grow wild in the entire Mediterranean area and prefer warmer, lower-lying regions than lavender and lavandin. Oil is primarily produced from plants cultivated in Spain in comparison to lavender and lavandin oils, only small quantities are produced annually. 

B Lavandin (2), Barrfime (3), French Mt. Blanc (4) and lavender oil (6) are qualitatively alike in the main zones, with quantitative differences in the amount of linalyl acetate, linalool, cineole and epoxidihydrocaryophyllene at R, 0.5-0.55 characteristic red-violet zone in the commercial oil samples 2-6. Spike lavender oil (5) has an almo.st equal linalool and dneol content. Linalyl acetate is absent. 

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