Speed dependence

Then add a bit of NaHCOs (4 grams) and salt to saturate solution. Stir a bit more. Separate layers, Extract one more time and distill. Time depends on reaction speed. Reaction speed depends on the amount of catalyst and temperature. 60 C seems to be good, more catalyst, less time. More temperature May be more byproducts, this is what happen when acetic acid is the solvent. Probably a good way will be also acetic acid and 40-50 C, but dual phase is easy to extract ans uses less chemicals. 

METHOD 1 This section is going to be as thoroughly helpful to those interested in X production as it will be to those interested in amphetamine production. The process is known as the Knoeve-nagel-Walter condensation which can turn a substituted benzal-dehyde such as piperonal (X) or plain old benzaldehyde (speed) into an intermediate called a p-nitropropene. This intermediate can then be transformed into MDA (Benzedrine for speed) or MD-P2P (P2P for speed) depending on the capabilities of the chemist. 

These meteorological parameters, with the possible exception of the mean wind speed and direction, are not generally available for inclusion in calculations. Even wind speed measurements, which are usually taken at 20 ft above grade, must be corrected to the release point elevation. The correction applied to the wind speed depends on the turbulence of the air. The wind speed is the key determinant of the convection of pollutant in a plume. 

Pull-in torque For a synchronous motor, this is the maximum constant torque under which the motor will pull its connected inertia load into synchronism, at rated voltage and frequency, when its field excitation is applied. The speed to which a synchronous motor will bring its load depends on the power required to drive it, and whether the motor can pull the load into step from this speed depends on the inertia of the revolving parts. So, the pull-in torque cannot be determined without having the Wk as well as the torque of the load. 

Function of speed The high amplitudes at the rotor s natural frequency are strictly speed dependent. If the energy source, in this case speed, changes to a frequency outside the resonant zone, the abnormal vibration will disappear. 

What can be said of local topology dependence in larger (and infinite) systems (for which direct calculation of global measures becomes clearly impractical) How does the average information transmission speed depend on local peculiarities of structure ... 

Overall, the RDE provides an efficient and reproducible mass transport and hence the analytical measurement can be made with high sensitivity and precision. Such well-defined behavior greatly simplifies the interpretation of the measurement. The convective nature of the electrode results also in very short response tunes. The detection limits can be lowered via periodic changes in the rotation speed and isolation of small mass transport-dependent currents from simultaneously flowing surface-controlled background currents. Sinusoidal or square-wave modulations of the rotation speed are particularly attractive for this task. The rotation-speed dependence of the limiting current (equation 4-5) can also be used for calculating the diffusion coefficient or the surface area. Further details on the RDE can be found in Adam s book (17). 

The second virial coefficient B in Eq. 17 refers to the static case. In the ultracentrifuge the measured value can show a speed dependence [39], an effect which can be minimized by using low speeds and short solution columns. If present it will not affect the value of after extrapolation to zero concentration. 

Solution We suppose that the mass transfer and diffusion steps are fast compared with bulk transport by convection. This is the design intent for ion-exchange columns. The reaction front moves through the bed at a speed dependent only on the supply of fluid-phase reactants. Assuming piston... 

FIGURE 26.15 Friction force on ice as function of the (a) load at a constant ice temperature of —5°C and a speed of 1.5 km/h, for two compounds showing the experimental points and the fitted power function (h) showing the calculated power functions of seven compounds. Their main ingredients are shown helow. (c) Shows the relative ratings with compound 1 as reference, (d) to (f) Show similar graphs for the speed dependence at a load of 75 N. 

Safety and risk factors evaluate approximately the speed at which a toxic substance reaches a toxic vapour concentration in air. An accurate way to do this would be to know the vapourisation speed for this substance and the air renewal rate of the room in which it is handled. This is why regulations recommend measurement of the vapourisation speed for a particular substance and include it in safety sheets. One can hardly use this figure since it is rarely mentioned. The only substances which were subjected to such measurements are the most commonly used although these figures only are remotely linked to the real conditions. So it was decided to suggest a method derived from the vapour pressure of the substance, which is a factor the vapourisation speed depends on precisely. 

Determination of UWL Permeabilities using Stirring Speed Dependence... 

The broad behavior of the anisotropy parameter versus speed curves is similar for all photolysis wavelengths. Unfortunately the 266 nm photolysis data at high 0(3P2) speeds was of insufficient quality to fit anisotropy parameters satisfactorily, so we cannot state with confidence whether the speed dependence of (3 changes at higher photolysis wavelengths. The overriding feature in Fig. 15 is the steady increase in [3 as the 0(3P2) fragments travel faster. Some structure is also apparent in the curves, with a plateau between approximately 1200 and 3700 m/s. 

With regard to the response time of the gel, polyelectrolyte gels require seconds to minutes to deform in electric fields. Needless to say, the deformation speed depends on the thickness of the gel and the intensity of the applied field. In 1993, a fast-responsive gel was found by Nanavati and Fernandez. A secretory granule gel particle obtained from beige mice and having a diameter of 3 pm at negative potentials was transparent and swollen within milliseconds of the application of an electric field of 5000 V/cm [19]. 

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