Spectrometry acrylic acid

The radical polymerization in aqueous solution of a series of monomers—e.g., vinyl esters, acrylic and methacrylic acids, amides, nitriles, and esters, dicarboxylic acids, and butadiene—have been studied in a flow system using ESR spectrometry. Monomer and polymer radicals have been identified from their ESR spectra. fi-Coupling constants of vinyl ester radicals are low (12-13 gauss) and independent of temperature, tentatively indicating that the /3-CH2 group is locked with respect to the a-carbon group. In copolymerization studies, the low reactivity of vinyl acetate has been confirmed, and increasing reactivity for maleic acid, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, and fumaric acid in this order has been established by quantitative evaluation of the ESR spectra. This method offers a new approach to studies of free radical polymerization. 

Sheets EB, Rhodes D (1996) Determination of DMSP and other onium compounds in Tetraselmis subcordiformis by plasma desorption mass spectrometry. In Kiene RP, Visscher PT, Keller MD, Kirst GO (eds) Biological and environmental chemistry of DMSP and related sulfonium compounds. Plenum Press, New York, pp 55-63 Sieburth JM (1960) Acrylic acid, an antibiotic principle in Phaeocystis blooms in Antarctic waters. Science 132 676-677... 

Z.H. Wang, Z.P. Zhang, Z.P. Wang, L.W. Liu, X.P. Yan, Acrylic acid grafted poly-tetrafluoroethylene fiber as new packing for flow injection on-line microcolumn preconcentration coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry for determination of lead and cadmium in environmental and biological samples, Anal. Chim. Acta 514 (2004) 151. 

For analysis, the crude ACT reaction mixtures were subjected to a standard telomer assay as follows [14, 15]. The tin products were removed by chromatography and treatment with KF. The resulting macrocyclic mixtures were then hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to yield the corresponding acrylic acid telomers. Hydrolysis of the desired n=4 macrocycle is shown in Scheme 8-9. Esterification of the reaction mixture with diazomethane gave the methyl acrylate telomers 26 that were then readily identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. 

Although water is known as a natural plasticizer for many polar polymers such as nylon, polyester resins, and cellulosic polymers, similar behavior for polyacrylamide and poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) has not been investigated. In this study, the effect of water content (and/or thermal history) on the Tg s of acrylamide-based pol3 TOers was studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry (TG), Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA), and Simultaneous Thermogravimetry - Mass Spectrometry (TG/MS). 

Lattimer RP (2003) Pyrolysis mass spectrometry of acrylic acid polymers. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 68-69 3-14. 

Some specific recent applications of the chromatography-mass spectrometry technique to various types of polymers include the following PE [130, 131], poly(l-octene), poly(l-decene), poly(l-dodecene) and 1-octene-l-decene-l-dodecene terpolymer [132], chlorinated polyethylene [133], polyolefins [134,135], acrylic acid, methacrylic acid copolymers [136, 137], polyacrylate [138], styrene-butadiene and other rubbers [139-141], nitrile rubber [142], natural rubbers [143,144], chlorinated natural rubber [145,146], polychloroprene [147], PVC [148-150], silicones [151,152], polycarbonates (PC) [153], styrene-isoprene copolymers [154], substituted PS [155], polypropylene carbonate [156], ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer [157], Nylon 6,6 [158], polyisopropenyl cyclohexane-a-methylstyrene copolymers [195], cresol-novolac epoxy resins [160], polymeric flame retardants [161], poly(4-N-alkylstyrenes) [162], pol)winyl pyrrolidone [31,163], vinyl pyrrolidone-methacryloxysilicone copolymers [164], polybutylcyanoacrylate [165], polysulfide copolymers [1669], poly(diethyl-2-methacryloxy) ethyl phosphate [167, 168], ethane-carbon monoxide copolymers [169], polyetherimide [170], and bisphenol-A [171]. 

Method 1.2. Determination of Traces of Arsenic in Acrylic Fibres Containing Antimony Trioxide Fire Retardant Agent. Acid Digestion, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry... 

A concentrated nitric acid - perchloric acid - sulfuric acid digest of the polymer is analysed at 193.7 nm by atomic absorption spectrometry. The procedure is calibrated against standards of arsenic free acrylic fibre and pure arsenic trioxide. 

Pyrolysis - gas chromatography has been used for many years for the characterisation of plastics materials, particularly when they are of an intractable nature owing to cross-linking or are very heavily filled. The technique has now been extended to include mass spectrometry and is of particular value when minor components need to be identified. An example has been described by Sharp and Paterson for the identification of small amounts (1-10%) of copolymerised imsaturated acids in acrylic polymers. The method can be summarised as follows ... 

The copolymerised acid is propylated by treatment of the sample with Propyl 8 reagent, the resultant polymer is pyrolysed and the propyl ester of the acid, if present, is identified by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. By this procedure copolymerised acrylic or methacrylic acid has been identified in terpolymers with (a) butyl acrylate and styrene, (b) methyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate and (c) ethylene and propylene. A methyl methacrylate - alpha-methylstryene - maleic acid terpolymer, when examined by... 

METHOD 73 - DETERMINATION OF TRACES OF ARSENIC IN ACRYLIC FIBRES CONTAINING ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE FIRE RETARDENT AGENT. ACID DIGESTION ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY. ... 

Determination of traces of arsenic in acrylic fibres containing antimony trioxide. Acid digestion-atomic absorption spectrometry... 

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