Sorbitol polyethylene glycols

Sorbitan esters of fatty acids are well known. Similar products can be made from ether carboxylic acids and sorbitol without an acid catalyst with a good color [39]. The advantage of these products is that the hydrophilicity can be adjusted by the polyethylene glycol content in the ether carboxylic acid. 

With D-sorbitol, d-alpha tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1,000 succinate (TPGS), propylene glycol 19 mg. 

Figure 13.18 shows the effect of sorbitol. Agradual decrease in the CP with an increase in sorbitol concentration was observed. Some other polyhydric alcohols (including saccharides, viz. mannitol, glucose, sucrose, fructose, etc.) induced a similar decrease. A decrease in CP with saccharides has been observed for polyethylene glycol (PEG) and for sorbitol on polysorbate, a nonionic surfactant (Zatz and Lue, 1987 Attwood et al., 1989). Sjoberg et al. (1989) showed that all saccharides decrease the CP of PEG, which is well described by mean Leld theory. Also, an explanation was given for the difference between the saccharides in their ability to decrease the CP in aqueous PEG solutions. 

Hot Melts Add a considerable amount of mass and are applied hot and solidify while cooling on the core. They are mainly used for confectionery. The most important raw materials are fats, mostly cocoa fat, polyethylene glycol (PEG) [52], and the sugar-alcohol mixture xylitol-sorbitol. 

Liquid cosolvents glycerin, polyethylene glycol (300, 400, 3350), propylene alcohol, and ethanol, Cremophor EL, sorbitol. 

Physical effects caused by polyethylene glycol bases include softening and liquefaction in mixtures with phenol, tannic acid, and salicylic acid. Discoloration of sulfonamides and dithranol can also occur and sorbitol may be precipitated from mixtures. Plastics, such as polyethylene, phenolformaldehyde, polyvinyl chloride, and cellulose-ester membranes (in filters) may be softened or dissolved by polyethylene glycols. Migration of polyethylene glycol can occur from tablet film coatings, leading to interaction with core components. 

Sorbitol will form water-soluble chelates with many divalent and trivalent metal ions in strongly acidic and alkaline conditions. Addition of liquid polyethylene glycols to sorbitol solution, with vigorous agitation, produces a waxy, water-soluble gel with a melting point of 35-40°C. Sorbitol solutions also react with iron oxide to become discolored. 

Mineral oils, paraffin and other waxes, polyethylene, polyethylene glycol, ethoxylated glycerides, ethoxylated fatty amines, and esters of fatty alcohols and acids have also been used in fabric softening [52], and also nonionic actives such as glycols, sorbitol, and urea, but in combination with a charged active. 

Solvents Polar Water Propylene glycol Glycerol Sorbitol Ethanol Industrial methylated spirit Polyethylene glycols Propylene carbonate Triacetin Nonpolar Isopropyl alcohol Medium chain triglycerides... 

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