Sorbitan monoesters, derivatives

Polysorbates are surfactants that are pegylated derivatives of sorbitan monoesters (i.e., monolaurate, monopalmitate, monostearate, monooleate, or monoisostearate) or sorbitan triesters (i.e., tristearate or trioleate) and are available in many grades. Poly-sorbate 80, also known as Tween 80, is a mixture of polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleates and is a yellow viscous liquid at room temperature. Sorbitan monooleate, also known as Span 80, is a yellow viscous... 

The fatty acid esters of sorbitan (which generally are referred to as Spans, an Adas commercial trade name) and their ethoxylated derivatives (generally referred to as Tweens) are perhaps one of the most commonly used nonionics. They were first commercialised in the USA by Atlas (which has since been purchased by ICI). The sorbitan esters are produced by the reaction of sorbitol with a fatty acid at a high temperature (>200 °C). The sorbitol dehydrates to 1,4-sorbitan, after which esterification takes place. If 1 mol of fatty acid is reacted with 1 mol of sorbitol, a monoester is obtained (some diester is also produced as a byproduct). Thus, sorbitan monoester has the following general formula ... 

Sorbitan is derived from sorbitol by dehydration and then esterified with fatty acids as described for PGME. Depending on the amount of fatty acids used for esterification the equilibrium reaction mixture may contain primarily sorbitan monoesters or triesters. Sorbitan esters of palmitic or stearic acid crystallize from melt in a stable a-like crystal form. 

Sorbitan Monoesters (Spans) Spans are the esters of sorbitan (a sorbitol derivative), a low HLB (3-7) emulsifier and widely used in nano-vesicular delivery system, viz., niosomes, transferosomes and spanlastic [88, 92]. 

Sorbitan is derived from - sorbitol by - dehydration and is subsequently esterifled with fatty acids or their methyl esters at 200-250 °C with 0.1% NaOH. Depending on the amount of fatty acid sorbitan monoester (SMS), diesters or triesters (STS) are formed. 

Synonyms Anhydrosorbitol monolaurate Sorbitan, esters, monododecanoate Sorbitan monododecanoate Sorbitan monolaurate Definirion Monoester of lauric acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol... 

Definition Monoester of coconut acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Uses Emulsifier in cosmetics Sorbitan diisostearate CAS 68238-87-9 EINECS/ELINCS 269-410-7 Synonyms Anhydrohexitol diisostearate Definition Diester of isostearic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Empirical C42H80O7 Properties Nonionic... 

Monoester of oleic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Synonyms Span 8o (Z)-mono-9-octadecenoate Sorbitan Sorbitan oleate Uses emulsifier in cosmetic and pharmaceutical ointments and creams Cross sorbitan sesquioleate (Arlacel 83). SORBITAN OLEATE A... 

CAS 54392-26-6 71902-01-7 EINECS/ELINCS 276-171-2 Synonyms 1,4-Anhydro-D-glucitol, 6-isooctadecanoate Anhydrosorbilol monoisostearate Sorbitan isooctadecanoate Sorbitan monoisooctadecanoate Definition Monoester of isostearic acid and hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol Ionic Nature Nonionic Empirical 24 46 6 Properties M.w. 346.52 Toxicology Experimental neoplastigen... 

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