Sorbitan derivates

A mixture of sorbitan derivatives named Tween 81 specified as ethoxylated sorbitan esters containing oleic acid, was examined by APCI-FIA-MS and —LC—MS in the positive and negative modes. APCI-MS ionisation was supported by the addition of ammonium acetate resulting in equal spaced (Am/z 44) [M + NH4]+ ions which, in parallel, suppressed [M + Na]+ ions. The FIA—MS(+) spectrum contained ions with m/z between 358 and 974 while negative ionisation led to a series of ions from 399 to 971, Am/z 44 equally spaced, too. 

Fig. 2.9.39. (top) APCI-LC-MS(+)RIC of polyethoxylated sorbitan derivative and (inset) averaged mass spectrum under peak 1 (bottom) APCI-LC-MS(—) reconstruction chromatogram as before and (inset) averaged mass spectrum under peak 2. Gradient elution separated on RP-Cig column [24]. 

Figure 17. Structures of food-grade sorbitan derivatives.

Glycerides, glucosides, saccharides, sorbitan derivatives, Tweens and Spans, etc. also belong to the class of nonionic surfactants. Mono- and diesters of fatty acids and multiatomic alcohols are oil soluble surfactants with low solubility in water. Sulfoesterification of these compounds followed by subsequent neutralization allows one to obtain water soluble surfactants. Many representatives of this group, such as sucrose esters, are non-toxic, tasteless and odorless, which makes them attractive for use in the pharmaceutical, food and perfume industries. 

Sorbitan derivatives consist of esters of cyclic anhydrides of sorbitol with a fatty acid (C12-C18). They are named sorbitan esters. They are lipophilic surfactants used as water-in-oil emulsifiers. When these sorbitan esters are polyoxy-ethylened they are called polysorbates. A large range of properties may be obtained by varying the number of oxyethylene groups in the molecule. They have mainly oil-in-water emulsifying and solubilizing properties. Some sorbitan derivatives that are USP/NF-, Eur. Ph.-, BP-compIiant and FDA-approved for oral administration are listed below ... 

Definition Ethoxylated sorbitan deriv. of beeswax with avg. 8 moles EO Properties Nonionic... 

Definition Ethoxylated sorbitan deriv. of lanolin acid with avg. 20 moles ethylene oxide Uses Emulsifier for cosmetic waxes Trade Name Synonyms G-1425 t[Uniqema] PEG-40 sorbitan lanolate CAS 8036-77-9... 

Ethoxylated alcohols Ethoxylated fatty acids Lauryl sulfates Mono and diglycerides Nonionic surfactants Phosphate esters Quaternary surfactants Sorbitan derivatives... 

WITCO CORP. Surfactants Nonionics Sorbitan Derivatives (Continued) ... 

Synonyms PEG 4000 sorbitan ianoiate POE (75) sorbitoi ianoiate Definition Ethoxyiated sorbitan deriv, of ianoiin acid with avg. 75 moies EO Uses Surfactant, emuisifier for cosmetics, personai care prods. 

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