Somateria mollissima

Starvation or disease can lead to rapid release of the stored xenobiotic and to delayed toxic effects. In one well-documented case in the Netherlands (see Chapter 5), wild female eider ducks (Somateria mollissima) experienced delayed neurotoxicity caused by dieldrin. The ducks had laid down large reserves of depot fat before breeding, and these reserves were run down during the course of egg laying. Dieldrin concentrations quickly rose to lethal levels in the brain. Male eider ducks did not lay down and mobilize body fat in this way and did not show delayed neurotoxicity due to dieldrin. 

Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus Eider, Somateria mollissima-, Norway (3.9-17.8) FW vs. (6.1-86.4) FW 76... 

Silver concentrations in muscle of Antarctic birds were low (0.01 mg/kg DW) when compared to livers (0.02 to 0.46 mg/kg DW) or feces (0.18 mg/kg DW Szefer et al. 1993). Silver concentrations in avian tissues, especially in livers, were elevated in the vicinity of metals-contaminated areas and in diving ducks from the San Francisco Bay (Table 7.5). Birds with elevated concentrations of silver in tissues — as much as 44 mg/kg DW in liver in the common eider (Somateria mollissima) — seemed outwardly unaffected (Bryan and Langston 1992). 

Common eider, Somateria mollissima Norway metals-contaminated area ... 

Naf, C., D. Brown, and B. Brunstrom. 1992. Distribution and metabolism of polycycbc aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) injected into eggs of chicken (Gallus domesticus) and common eider duck (Somateria mollissima). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 11 1653-1660. 

Common eider, Somateria mollissima Muscle, liver, kidney, and egg Roseate tern. Sterna dougallir, Long Island, New York 1992 egg shell vs. egg contents Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor, Hackensack River Basin, New Jersey contaminated area Sediments Eggs Embryos Shell... 

Common eider, Somateria mollissima-, Norway Egg, liver Muscle, kidney... 

Somateria mollissima) for PCTs [36]. The biotransformation rates of PCTs were generally low. Eider duck microsomes metabolized more of the lower chlorinated PCTs, whereas the harbor seal microsomes metabolized a wider range of PCTs. The microsomes of the sperm whale and the white-beaked dolphin were almost incapable of metabolizing PCTs. PCTs were considered to be more bio-accumulative than the PCBs but the larger molecular size of PCTs would possibly inhibit bioaccumulation to some extent. In a mutatox assay Aroclor 5442 was not genotoxic [36]. 

Although the transport of PAHs from particulate matter in the aquatic phase through blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) to the common eider (Somateria mollissima) has been demonstrated in the Baltic Sea, there was a successive change in the relative concentrations of the various individual hydrocarbons (Broman et al. 1990). This may be attributed to increasing metabolic activity at the higher trophic... 

Broman, D., C. Naf, I. Lundbergh, and Y. Zebiihr. 1990. An in situ study on the distribution, biotransformation and flux of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an aquatic food chain (seston-Mytilus edulis L. - Somateria mollissima L.) from the Baltic an ecotoxicological perspective. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 9 429-442. 

Common eider Somateria mollissima King penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus... 

Cattle egret, Bubulucus ibis, 514 Great egret, Casmerodius albus, 478 Snowy egret, Egretta thula, 482 Eider, common, Somateria mollissima, 514,... 

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