Synthesis solution combustion

Controlled and selective combustion of components via thermal or chemical routes Calcination. Thermal detemplation of organic templates in micro- and mesoporous materials. Chemical detemplation protocols. Solution combustion synthesis... 

Shinde and Madras [42] synthesized Pd-modified Ni/CeOa catalysts by solution combustion synthesis for the WGSR. The catalyst is highly active and selective towards H2 production and exhibits a lack of CO methanation activity. Puentes et al. report Ni-Al and Ni-Al-Zn catalysts for the WGSR. Interestingly, Ni-Al catalyst exhibits better activity than Ni-Al-Zn catalysts. 

Pure metal nanoparticles have shown exceptional catalytic properties which have motivated modem researchers to come up with innovative ideas to synthesize nanoparticles in a cost effective manner. Apart from catalysis, potential applications of metal nanoparticles ate well known in other fields such as pigments, electronic and magnetic materials, dmg deUvery etc. Here we report solution combustion synthesis method to synthesize transition metals (Ni, Cu and Co) in a single step process. Metal nitrates and glycine are used as synthesis precursors and dissolved in water to make a homogeneous aqueous solution which is combusted to produce metal nanoparticles with desired composition. 

Keywords Solution Combustion Synthesis, Metal Nanoparticles, Aqueous Phase Synthesis, Heterogeneous Catdysis... 

Several nanocrystalhne metal oxides have been prepared by the combustion method and the topic has been reviewed by Patil et al. [5]. Combustion of metal hydrazine carboxylates, [e.g. MCjO (N H )J is generally anployed to obtain the nanoparticles of oxides such as y-Fefiy ZnO and NiO. Mixed-metal oxides like cobaltites (MCo O ), ferrites (MFe,0 ), manganites (MMn O ) and titanates (MTiOj) are prepared by the combustion of mixed-metal carboxylate hydrazinates in the temperature range of 165-345 °C [6,7]. Solution combustion synthesis has been used to prepare nanocrystalline oxides such as Al Oj, CeO, ZrO, TiO, ... 

Fig. 1.2 Articles publishing survey regarding solution combustion synthesis techniques since 2003 (www.sciencedirect.com, accessed on 27th of July 2013)...

Solution combustion synthesis (SCS) is an effective method for the synthesis of nanoscale materials and has been used in the production of various ceramic powders for a variety of advanced applications. 

A method for the preparation of highly pnre and homogeneous powders, especially interesting for obtaining nanocrystalline powders snch as ceramic oxides, is solution combustion synthesis (SCS). 

Solution combustion synthesis makes use of salts, such as nitrates, metal sulfates and carbonates, as oxidants and, reducing reagents, fuels such as glycine, sucrose, urea, or other water soluble carbohydrates. Nitrate acts as an oxidizer for the fuel during the combustion reaction. The powder can be a pyrolysed product of a single phase, but usually it is a combination of metal oxides and in some cases it needs subsequent heat treatment to form single-phase products, which are usually the results required in this process. 

The solution combustion synthesis method has proven to be a great technique to obtain various types of oxides at the nanometer scale and is used for a variety of technological applications, as can be seen in Table 2.1. This wide range of oxides is prepared with an eye on their magnetic, mechanical, dielectric, catalytic, optical and luminescent properties. 

Patil, K.C., Mimani, T. Solution combustion synthesis of nanoscale oxides and their composites. Mater. Phys. Mech. 4,134—137 (2001)... 

Iano , R., LazSu, L, PScurariu, C., Barvinschi, R Fuel mixture approach for solution combustion synthesis of CasAlzOe powders. Cem. Concr. Res. 39, 566-572 (2009)... 

Lima, M.D., Bonadiman, R., Andrade, M.J., Toniolo, J.C., Beigmann, C.R Nanocrystalline Cr203 and amorphous C1O3 produced by solution combustion synthesis. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 

For the CNTs growth from powder form catalysts, it is used as a support an inert and refractory oxide, and transition metals in the form of oxides, which will generate, during the reaction, the catalyst NP. To produce a homogeneous mixture between the oxide and metal oxide catalyst support, two methods are most commonly used solution combustion synthesis (SCS) [79] or the impregnation method [80]. Both use inorganic salts (usually nitrates) as the catalysts. 

Flame spray pyrolysis and ultrasonic spray combustion represent other methods leading to perovskites with comparable morphologies with those produced by solid-sohd reactions and solution combustion synthesis [23]. 

Biamino, S., Fino, P., Pavese, M. and Badini, C. (2005) Alumina-zirconia-yttria nanocomposites prepared by solution combustion synthesis. Ceramics International, 32, 509-13. 

Different types of combustion techniques are employed for the synthesis of nanomaterials. These methods are classified on the basis of the physical nature of the reaction media as (i) flame synthesis or gas phase combustion, (ii) solution combustion synthesis... 

Palmisano etaV studied the influence of microstructure on soot activity. Ceria prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and... 

Reddy, G. K., Thrimurthulu, G., and Reddy, B. M. A rapid microwave-assisted solution combustion synthesis of ceria-based mixed oxides for catalytic applications. Catal SurvAsia 13, 237-255 (2009). 

Solution Combustion Synthesis as intriguing technique to quickly produce performing catalysts for specific applications... 

Keywords solution combustion synthesis, nanomaterials, catalysts, nitrate precursors, organic fuel, domestic appliances, natural gas combustion, CO/NO emissions... 

The chemical processing and synthesis of high performance technological catalysts requires the use of high purity precursors. Recently several attempts have been made to find out an intriguing technique to quickly produce performing catalysts for any kind of industrial application. In particular, methods based on solution combustion synthesis (SCS) have received a remarkable interest. These processes, in fact, make use of highly exothermic redox chemical reactions between metals and non-metals, to synthesize the desired ceramic nanomaterials [1-3],... 

Solution Combustion Synthesis (SCS) is becoming one of the most impoitnnt ways to produce a wide range of advanced porous ceramic, metallic materials and nanostmctuied catalysts, compared to the more conventional and expensive processes. SCS process is, in fact, characterized by exothermic, fast and self-sustaining reactions, formation of high purity products with a variety of size and shape, relatively easy procedures, use of relatively simple equipment and cheap reactants. Thanks to these main characteristics, SCS is easily tunable to complex systems to produce directly in situ stractured catalysts. 

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