Solubility of CO2 in water

The beer is bottled under pressure. The solubility of CO2 in water increases with increasing... 

A gas that contains CO2 is contacted with liquid water in an agitated batch absorber. The equilibrium solubility of CO2 in water is given by Henry s law (Section 6.4b)... 

Alternatively, protein particles can be produced using a supercritical or near critical C02-assisted aero-solization and bubble drying process. This method utilizes the high solubility of CO2 in water, coupled with expansion of the solution through a nozzle to aerosolize aqueous solutions of drugs. When the microbubbles formed are dried, solid (such as lactose and albuterol sulfate, with size between 0.5 pm and... 

The solubility of CO2 in water is as low as 30 mM at 1 atm at the ambient temperature, restricting the transport of CO2 to the electrode. Under moderate experimental conditions, the highest current density will be limited to 20 mA cm or so for formation of CO or HCOO for example. Such a low transport process must be improved by any means, if the CO2 reduction is utilized for a practical process. Various solutions have been proposed, application of... 

The solubility of CO2 in water, expressed as mole fraction of CO2 in the liquid phase, is given for pressures up to atmospheric and temperatures of 0 to 100°C. Note that 1 standard atmosphere equals 101.325 kPa. The references give data over a wider range of temperature and pressure. The estimated accuracy is about 2%. 

Fig. 2.94 Solubility of CO2 in water (at 1 atm CO2) in terms of the dimensionless Bunsen absorption coefficient a in dependence from temperature (in volume dissolved CO2 / volume of solution) data from Gmelin (1943).

One of the possible consequences of climate change is an increase in the temperature of ocean water. The oceans serve as a sink for CO2 by dissolving large amounts of it. (a) The figure below shows the solubility of CO2 in water as a function of temperature. Does CO2 behave more or less similarly to other gases in this respect ... 

Unlike the PEFC, the DMFC is fed with a liquid methanol-water solution, which makes the DMFC-based power sources much more compact. However, liquid methanol easily penetrates the membrane into the cathode side, where it is directly oxidized. This parasitic process dramatically reduces the DMFC open-circuit voltage. Another problem specific to DMFCs is the large amount of gaseous CO2 on the cathode side. At temperatures above 60 °C, the solubility of CO2 in water is small and CO2 bubbles enter the anode channel, where they strongly disturb the flow. 

The effect of gaseous bubbles can, however, be neglected in two cases (i) when the cell operating temperature is low (below 30 °C) and (ii) when the cell current is small. At low temperature the solubility of CO2 in water is high and the product CO2 remains dissolved in water. At small currents, the rate of bubble formation is small. 

We see from Reactions (5.15) that for every mole of CO2 that is absorbed in water, one mole of H30 (aq) is produced. Therefore, to produce 0.25 x 10 M of H30 (aq), 0.25 x 10 moles of CO2 would have to be absorbed in each liter of rainwater. Since this is about the solubility of CO2 in water at atmospheric pressure, we see that the absorption of CO2 in rainwater will cause it to have a pH of about 5.6. 

Let us now calculate the concentration of H30 (aq), HjCOjlaq), HC03(aq), OH (aq), and COf Caq) when CO2 from the atmosphere dissolves in otherwise pure rainwater, given that the solubility of CO2 in water is 1.0x 10 M at 25°C and 1 atm. Since we have five unknowns we need five equations to solve this problem, and so far we have only two equations, namely (5.39) and (5.40). The other three equations are provided by the ion-product constant for water... 

Different from most gas hydrate formers, CO2 is not hydrophobic. At 273 K, the solubility of CO2 in water varies between 0.08 and 1.46 mol/L with the partial pressure of CO2 between 0.1 and 3.4 MPa [14]. The dissolution of CO2 in water produces species including dissolved unhydrated CO2, hydrated CO2, H2CO3, HCO3-, and CO. ... 

The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide results in higher concentrations of dissolved carbon dioxide in natural waters. Use Henry s law and the data in Table 3.2 to calculate the solubility of CO2 in water at 25°C when its partial pressure is (a) 4.0 kPa and (b) 100 kPa. 

For example, if one correlates the solubility of CO2 in water at 77 F then one would expect that the correlation should also... 

The investigated spray process is based on the dissolution of supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) into the liquid which shall be atomized. Therefore, CO2 is one of the central substances within this project. The carbon dioxide is provided by YARA with a purity of 99.9% (v/v). The critical temperature of CO2 is 304.13 K the critical pressure amounts 7375 MPa. The solubility of CO2 in water is in the order of 2-5 wt.% at 313 K and a pressure range of 2-15 MPa [5]. The solubility of CO2 in polymers is in the range of 10 wt.% at 353 K and 14 MPa [6]. 

S = solubility of CO2 in water under a pressure of 1 atm, moles C02/liter... 

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