Solid waste pollution standards

According to modem standards mineral fertilizers are partitioned into two groups standardized and non-standardized. The standardized fertilizers include nitrogen, phosphoms, potassium, complex, and micro-fertilizers that contain the nutrients at the standard basis. The non-standardized fertilizers are municipal wastewater effluents, municipal solid wastes, polluted river waters used for irrigation, etc., which are not characterized by standard content of nutrients. However one should add that in all fertilizers including standardized type there are the admixtures, which pollute the agrolandscape. The known examples are phosphoms fertilizers and any municipal waste and wastewater with a pool of heavy metals and various organic pollutants. 

This paper discusses waste management in the city of Paris. Data on solid wastes in Paris is provided, then the role of incineration, and the use of energy from incineration (heating network, production of electricity, total energy recovery), is examined. Air pollution standards are listed, and a comparison made between the different energies used for a heating network. Finally, future considerations are discussed. 

In densely populated areas, a large cogeneration system may be required to comply with emission standards and install pollution control technology. There may also be noise pollution standards and water, air discharge and solid waste disposal permits. 

EPA = Environmental Protection Agency FDA = Food and Drug Administration NPDES = National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System OERR = Office of Emergency and Remedial Response OSW = Office of Solid Waste OTS = Office of Toxic Substances OWRS = Office of Water Regulations and Standards... 

Clean Air Act and its amendments in 1970, 1977, and 1990 1967 Air Quality Standards and National Air Pollution Acts and 1970 National Environmental Policy Act) (2) better waste disposal practices (1965 Solid Waste Disposal Act 1976 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act) (see Wastes, industrial Waste treatment, hazardous wastes) (S) reduced noise levels (1972 Noise Control Act) (4) improved control of the manufacture and use of toxic materials (1976 Toxic Substances Control Act) and (5) assignment of responsibility to manufacturers for product safety (1972 Consumer Product Safety Act) (15,16). 

National Standard of the People s Republic of China, 2001. Standard for pollution control on the municipal solid waste incineration (GB18485-2001), Beijing. 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has approved several methods for the extraction of pollutants from environmental samples. These standard methods are listed under EPA publication SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste Physical/Chemical Methods [1], Many of them were approved only in the last decade. Automated Soxhlet was promulgated in 1994, SFE and ASE in 1996, and MAE in 2000. The Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) has published its own standard extraction methods for the food, animal feed, drug, and cosmetics industries [2], Some extraction methods have also been approved by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) [3], Table 3.1 summarizes the standard methods from various sources. 

National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants Publicly Owned Treatment Works National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Ferroalloys Production Ferromanganese and Silicomanganese National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants Municipal Solid Waste Landfills National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants Manufacturing of Nutritional Yeast National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants Organic Liquids Distribution (Non-Gasoline)... 

Pollutants Municipal Solid Waste Landfills Subpart CCCC National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air... 

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