Solid state nuclear

In the following, some examples of applications of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to the study of polymorphism in polymers are described. 

A solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment was carried out in 4 mm double bearing rotor made from Zr02 on a Bruker DSX 200 MHz spectrometer with resonance frequency at 75.468 MHz. The pulse length was 3.5 ps and the contact time of IH-13C CP was 2-5 ms. 

Lazo ND, Meine JG, Downing DT (1995) Lipids are covalently attached to rigid corneocyte protein envelope existing predominantly as beta-sheets a solid state nuclear magnetic resonance study. J Invest Dermatol 105 296-300... 

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) on nuclei has been used for... 

F. Volke, A. Pampel 1995, (Membrane hydration and structure on a subnanometer scale as seen by high resolution solid state nuclear magnetic resonance POPC and P0PC/C12E04 model membranes), Biophys.J. 68, 1960-1965. 

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (SSNMR) [13]... 

Because of the grandiose scale of the apparatus involved, SANS facilities are few in number worldwide access to them is limited and expensive. We have attempted to devise an experiment which employs solid state nuclear magnetic resonance to examine some aspects of affine deformation. 

The two structurally similar polymorphs of (R,S)-ethambutol dihydrochloride have been shown to bear an enantiotropic relationship, and can reversibly interconvert in a single crystal transformation mode [27]. It was reported that despite the identity in space group type and similarity in unit cell constants, the two forms could be distinguished on the basis of their X-ray powder diffraction and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance properties. Interestingly, while the (polymorphic forms, the (R,S)-diastereomer was only obtained in two different polymorphs. 

M kel inen, I., Experiences with track etch detectors. Proc. of the 13th International Conference on Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors, Rome (September 1985) (to be published). 

Miles, J.C.H. and J. Dew, A Passive Radon Gas Detector for use in Homes, in Proceedings 11th International Conference on Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (P.H. Fowler and V.M. Clapham, eds.) pp 569-579, Pergamon Press (1982). 

Howe, L., Swanson, M., and Davies, J. (1983). Methods of Experimental Physics Solid State Nuclear Methods 21, 275. 

Crosslinked polymer networks formed from multifunctional acrylates are completely insoluble. Consequently, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy becomes an attractive method to determine the degree of crosslinking of such polymers (1-4). Solid-state NMR spectroscopy has been used to study the homopolymerization kinetics of various diacrylates and to distinguish between constrained and unconstrained, or unreacted double bonds in polymers (5,6). Solid-state NMR techniques can also be used to determine the domain sizes of different polymer phases and to determine the presence of microgels within a poly multiacrylate sample (7). The results of solid-state NMR experiments have also been correlated to dynamic mechanical analysis measurements of the glass transition (1,8,9) of various polydiacrylates. 

Antzutkin, O. N., Leapman, R. D., Balbach, J. J., and Tycko, R. (2002). Supramolecular structural constraints on Alzheimer s beta-amyloid fibrils from electron microscopy and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Biochemistry 41, 15436-15450. 

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