Solid-state fermentation SSF

A literature survey indicated that very little work has been done to produce an optimal cellulase system as described above. Here, we used solid-state fermentation (SSF) to achieve this objective. SSF processes, such as the "koji" process, have been used extensively for amylase production on wheat bran in Japan its application was extended to cellulase production on wheat bran and Ugnocellulosic materials by Toyama (13), Since then, wheat bran has become an important substrate for producing various products by SSF (14-20), In this study, we tested various lignocellulosic substrates for the production of cellulase and )3-glucosidase from T, reesei QMY-1 by SSF. 

Mukherjee, A. K., Adhikari, H., Rai, S. K. (2008). Rroduction of alkaline protease by a thermophilic Bacillus subtilis under solid-state fermentation (SSF) condition using Imperata cylindrical grass and potato peel as low-cost medium Characterization and application of enzyme in detergent formulation. Biochem. Engg. J.,39, 353-361. 

Flavors produced by bioconversion of waste material or solid-state fermentation (SSF)... 

Solid State Fermentation" (SSF) is defined as a process whereby an Insoluble substrate is fermented with sufficient moisture, but without free water. In the liquid state or slurry state fermentation, on the other hand, the substrate is solubilized or suspended as fine particles in a large volume of water. In most liquid state fermentations (LSF) or submerged fermentations substrate concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 5Z are used. Now, in a number of fermentations the concentration of the substrate has gone up to 10% to Increase the productivity per unit time. 

Solid state fermentation (SSF) can be used to produce the majority of industrial enzymes used currently. It is mainly suited for cultivation of fungi but can also be used with bacteria e.g bacillus sp. to produce thermostable amylase (1). 

Fig. 1. Comparison of typical solid-state fermentation (SSF) and submerged liquid fermentation (SLF) systems. A stirred-bed SSF bioreactor of the design of Durand and Chereau [2] is compared with a typical stirred SLF bioreactor. For each bioreactor an expanded view of the microscale is also shown, in order to highlight differences between the micro-structure of the two systems. The relative scales make it clear that mixing is possible on much smaller scales in SLF than in SSF, since in SSF mixing cannot take place at scales smaller than the particle size. Note that particle sizes in SSF are commonly larger than 1 mm...

The objective is to allow a solid-state fermentation (SSF) of the cooked soya beans with filamentous fimgi. However, the moisture content of the cooked soya beans is rather high for fungal SSF, and soya beans also lack fermentable carbohydrate that could serve as a source of carbon for fungi. 

Finally, bioprocess improvements such as solid-state fermentation (SSF), continuous and two-stage culture systems, down-stream processing (DSP) and purification were studied. 

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