Soil trace elements

The contents of trace elements extracted by the buffer solutions depend upon the solution s acid capacity in dissolving carbonate from soils. Trace elements dissolved by the buffer solution increased with decreasing pH of the buffer solution (Table 4.3). Release of trace elements by the buffer solutions at pH 6.0 was much smaller from calcareous soils with more than 30% of CaCC>3. The dissolution of trace elements by the buffers paralleled with the dissolution of Ca and Mg. The correlation coefficients between Ca and trace elements were as follows Cd (0.92), Pb (0.87), Zn (0.90), Ni (0.90), Cr (0.91), V (0.54) and Co (0.70) and between Mg and trace elements were Cd (0.88), Pb (0.80), Zn (0.79), Ni (0.87), Cr (0.58), V (0.69) and Co (0.80), (all with n = 32). 

Davies, Brian E. Applied Soil Trace Elements. Chichester John Wiley Sons, 1980. 

Kubota J. Regional distribution of trace element problems in North America In Applied Soil Trace Elements, B.E. Davies, ed. New York John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., 1980. 

Marrett D.J., Page A.L., Bradford G.R., Cardenas R., Graham R.C., Chang A.C. Background levels of soil trace elements in southern California soils, Annual report submitted to Southern California Edison Co., Rosemead, CA, University of California, Riverside, CA, 1992. 

Geology appears to be the main determinant of trace-element contents and mineralogical form - as defined using selective extractions. There is no indication that landuse per se has had a significant general effect on soil trace element geochemistry. 

Davies, B. E. (Ed.). (1980). Applied Soil Trace Elements. John Wiley Sons. Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, 482 pp. 

Occasionally, especially In alkaline soil, trace elements, although present, may not be soluble due to the high pH, and are therefore unavailable to the plant. On these occasions, additional supplies might be needed (see pp.54-55). Mineral deficiencies can also be caused by too much of another element overdo potassium-rich fertilizers, for example, and you may "lock up" magnesium so that plants develop symptoms of magnesium deficiency. 

Berti, W.R. and Jacobs, L.W. (1996) Chemistry and phytotoxicity of soil trace elements from repeated sewage sludge applications./. Environ. Qual., 25, 1025-1032. 

Sato K, Sada K. 1992. Effects of emissions from a coal-fired power plant on surface soil trace element concentrations. Atmos Environ Pt 26A 325-331. 

Figure 9.8. Biological and chemical transformations of arsenic in the soil. Broken arrows denote the loss of volatile forms of As to the atmosphere or the air-filled pores of the soi. (Modified from B. E. Davies. 1980. Trace element pollution. In B. E. Davies (ed.). Applied Soil Trace Elements. New York Wiley.)...

CRM142R Light sandy soil - trace elements Certified values for 7 total and 4 aqua regia-soluble metals... 

CM17001 Light sandy soil - trace elements Certified values for 11 total, 12 aqua regia-soluble, 10 boiling (2 moll-1) nitric acid-soluble, and 11 cold (2 moll-1) nitric acid-soluble metals... 

This book is a broad-based text covering classification of pollutants nitrogen, phosphorus. and sulfur in soil trace elements organic chemicals blogeochemlcal cycles tire atmosphere and risk assessment... 

In general, in heavy neutral soils most trace elements would be less mobile and less phytoavailable than in light acid soils. Trace element mobility in soils is also known to be related to land use. Usually, metals in forest soils are more easily mobile, and therefore easier bioavailable and leached, than are trace elements in agricultural soils. This phenomenon will be an environmental concern in the future due to programs of forestation of poor agricultural quality soils, especially in Central and Eastern Europe. 

Forstner, 1984 Forstner, 1988). Usually, the chemical compositions of these sediments are close to those of the regoliths and C-horizons in soil profiles of a given area. As in soils, trace elements can be contained in the mineral phases or adsorbed on them (Bourg, 1988). In this paper, we discuss river sediments in connection with naturally contaminated catchments (Section 3). In this field, a good knowledge of typical natural trace element ranges is particularly important in order to assess a possible anthropogenic contribution. 

Flemming, G. A. (1980). Essential micronutrients. I Boron and molybdenum. In Applied Soil Trace Elements, ed. B. E. Davies, pp. 155-97. New York Wiley. 

In areas which have been subjected to intensive glaciation, such as Scotland, the soils are often derived from mixtures of different types of rock and the nature of the parent material may vary, even within farm fields. In such circumstances, prediction of soil trace-element content may be very difficult. A further complication is that the total content of any trace element in the soil normally gives little indication of the availability of that element to plants, and Mitchell and co-workers have published several papers dealing with the factors affecting availability [6,84,85]. On the other hand, there are extensive regions in the world, for example, in central Australia, in the mid-west of the USA and in the steppes in the Soviet Union, where the soil is almost uniformly derived over wide areas from the same kind of parent material and where neither the total nor the available levels of trace elements vary very much. 

In the experiments with potatoes and peas, there was a marked enhancement of soil trace-element levels and the levels of water-extractable boron... 

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